Diuretic and Hyperlipidemia Therapy Overview
30 Questions
6 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a common central nervous system (CNS) toxicity effect of IV lidocaine?

  • Drowsiness
  • Confusion (correct)
  • Slurred speech
  • Blurred vision

    • Which side effect is associated with the use of lidocaine?

  • Abdominal cramps
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Numbness and tingling (correct)
  • Increased heart rate

    • What complication can arise from fluid overload with IV crystalloid administration?

  • Kidney stones
  • Gastrointestinal bleeding
  • Heart failure (correct)
  • Pulmonary embolism

    • Which of the following symptoms is NOT a manifestation of CNS toxicity from IV lidocaine?

    <p>Severe headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary desired effect of diuretic therapy?

    <p>Polyuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk when using IV crystalloid fluids excessively?

    <p>Heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding statin drugs?

    <p>They are the most common medication for hyperlipidemia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a patient newly diagnosed with hyperlipidemia understand about their treatment?

    <p>They may be on this medication for the rest of their life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bumetanide is classified as what type of medication?

    <p>Diuretic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary goal of anti-cholesterol drugs is to achieve what level in the body?

    <p>Lower LDL levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is not indicated for the use of beta-adrenergic blockers?

    <p>Asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication when using apixaban?

    <p>Combining with aspirin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition listed is treated with beta-adrenergic blockers?

    <p>Angina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common misconception about beta-adrenergic blockers?

    <p>They are effective for weight loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding apixaban?

    <p>Apixaban is an anticoagulant medication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of andexanet alfa?

    <p>Serves as an antidote</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding beta blockers?

    <p>They can be used to manage high blood pressure and anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify a potential side effect of amiodarone.

    <p>Pulmonary toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does andexanet alfa remain in the system after cessation?

    <p>1-2 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant adverse effect associated with beta blockers?

    <p>Bradycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of milrinone?

    <p>Short-term therapy for advanced heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is continuous ECG monitoring necessary for clients receiving milrinone?

    <p>To observe for any arrhythmias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements regarding potassium levels is correct?

    <p>Normal potassium levels are considered between 3.5 to 5.0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does milrinone have on myocardial contractility?

    <p>Increases myocardial contractility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common indication for administering milrinone?

    <p>Acute heart failure exacerbation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of digoxin on the heart's contractions?

    <p>It increases the force of contractions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main therapeutic uses of digoxin?

    <p>To treat heart failure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does digoxin affect the heart rate?

    <p>It decreases the heart rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of digoxin's action?

    <p>Prevention of heart attacks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What class of medication is digoxin categorized as?

    <p>Cardiac glucoside.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Diuretic Therapy

    • A desired effect of diuretic therapy is polyuria.
    • The goal of anti-cholesterol drugs is to lower LDL levels.

    Hyperlipidemia Teaching

    • Lifestyle changes may avoid medication for hyperlipidemia.
    • Statin drugs are the most common hyperlipidemia medication.
    • Statin medication may be lifelong for some.

    Bumetanide

    • Bumetanide is a loop diuretic.

    Heart Failure Management

    • Clients with heart failure should monitor sodium intake and fluid intake.
    • Decreased afterload can increase cardiac output.

    Lidocaine (IV) Adverse Effects

    • CNS toxicity, potentially including confusion and psychosis.
    • Numbness and tingling are also possible side effects.

    Fluid Overload with IV Crystalloids

    • Can lead to heart failure development.

    Aspirin and Apixaban

    • Should not be taken together.

    Alteplase (Thrombolytic)

    • Used to dissolve clots in central lines.

    Monoclonal Antibody PCSK9 Inhibitors

    • Block LDL cholesterol production.

    Furosemide Administration

    • Administer slowly to prevent hearing loss.
    • Furosemide is a loop diuretic.

    Right Heart Failure (Right HF)

    • Note:
      • Relevant information from the text only, no additional details.

    Atorvastatin

    • Inhibits HMG-CoA reduction.
    • Adverse effects include severe muscle pain, weakness, and dark urine.

    Lipid Panel

    • Should be ordered before statin medication administration.
    • Indicates pregnancy category X.

    Atorvastatin Client Instructions

    • Need for periodic lipid tests.

    Atorvastatin Indications

    • Hyperlipidemia and prevention of cardiovascular disease in clients with hypertension, or diabetes, or those who smoke.

    Cholestyramine

    • Reduces serum cholesterol and LDL.
    • Administer 2 hours before or 4 hours after medication.
    • Administer with 60-80ml of liquid.

    Gemfibrozil

    • Increases HDL and reduces VLDL with high cholesterol.
    • May cause complications like gallstones, RUQ abdominal pain, GI distress when taken with food, and potential heartburn.

    Ezetimibe

    • Lowers cholesterol.
    • May cause angioedema.

    Alirocumab

    • Binds LDL receptors on the liver for hypercholesterolemia.
    • Potential flu-like symptoms as side effects.

    Rivaroxaban

    • Oral administration.
    • No INR monitoring required (less interactions).
    • System clearance is within 1-2 days after cessation.
    • Andexanet alfa is antidote.

    Ezetimibe (Continued)

    • Cholesterol absorption inhibitor.
    • Nasopharyngitis is a potential adverse effect.

    Metoprolol

    • Slows heart rate and lowers blood pressure.
    • Abrupt cessation should be avoided

    Lisinopril

    • ACE inhibitor, not to double dose if missed.
    • Pregnancy is a contraindication for this med.

    Propranolol

    • Beta blocker useful for chest pain, anxiety and high blood pressure.
    • Masking of hypoglycemia can be a concern for new DMs.

    Amiodarone

    • Antiarrhythmic, used for atrial and ventricular dysrhythmias
    • Half-life is up to 50 days, use reliable contraception.
    • Adverse effects include bradycardia, pulmonary toxicity, ARDS, hypotension, blue-gray skin discoloration.

    Milrinone

    • Increases myocardial contractility and cardiac output.
    • Primary use is short-term therapy for advanced heart failure.
    • Continuous ECG monitoring is recommended.

    Digoxin (Cardiac Glycoside)

    • Increases heart contractions and force while decreasing rate.
    • Used for heart failure and abnormal heart rhythm.
    • Prior to administration check apical pulse and hold if under 60 bpm.
    • Digoxin toxicity symptoms include visual disturbances (yellow halos), anorexia, vomiting, and fatigue.

    Verapamil

    • Calcium channel blocker that treats dysrhythmias.
    • Avoiding grapefruit juice is important with this medication.

    Heparin

    • aPTT is the monitored value when taking heparin.

    Warfarin

    • Contraindicated with ginkgo ginger and most antibiotics.
    • PT and INR are monitored values, not to increase dietary broccoli, and same time everyday dosages.
    • INR can be 2-3 times higher than normal (0.9-1.1) when taking warfarin.
    • Vitamin K is the reversal agent.

    Clopidogrel

    • Antiplatelet, assessing for bleeding and bruising prior to administration is important.

    (SATA) Bleeding/Symptoms

    Bleeding gums, black tarry stools, flu-like symptoms, petechiae.

    Nitroglycerin

    • Common side effect is headache.
    • Heart rate and blood pressure are priority assessments before administering Carvedilol.

    Carvedilol

    Heart rate and blood pressure are priority assessments before administering.

    Enalapril

    • ACE inhibitor used for hypertension and heart failure.

    Enoxaparin

    • Lower molecular weight heparin given by injection (often abdomen subQ).

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    RANDOM Medical Notes PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers essential aspects of diuretic and hyperlipidemia therapies, including medication effects, management, and associated risks. Learn the differences between various medications, lifestyle changes, and the importance of monitoring for patients with these conditions.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser