Disruptive Selection in Evolution
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Questions and Answers

Explain disruptive selection and provide an example.

Disruptive selection favors individuals with variations at opposite extremes of a trait over individuals with intermediate variations. Example: black-bellied seedcracker finch beak size.

How does stabilizing selection affect phenotypes in a population?

Stabilizing selection favors the most common phenotypes within a population, leading to a decrease in variability and an increase in the prevalence of the favored traits.

What is balanced polymorphism and how is it maintained in a population?

Balanced polymorphism refers to the maintenance of multiple alleles in a population. In the case of sickle cell anemia, both (HBa) and sickle-cell (HBs) hemoglobin alleles are present in stable frequencies.

Why do individuals with either very large or very small beaks have a higher chance of survival in the black-bellied seedcracker finch example?

<p>Individuals with either very large or very small beaks have a higher chance of survival because larger beaks are better for larger seeds, and smaller beaks are better for smaller seeds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does human birth weight exemplify stabilizing selection?

<p>Human birth weight exemplifies stabilizing selection as babies born more or less than 3 kg are less likely to survive and reproduce, favoring those closer to 3 kg.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the situation when two diverging groups maintain stable frequencies of both alleles due to selection pressures?

<p>Balanced polymorphism</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the barrier that prevents the hybrid zygote from developing into a viable, fertile adult?

<p>Postzygotic barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of a prezygotic barrier that prevents mating between species based on their habitats.

<p>Habitat isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the concept that defines a species based on a unique set of phenotypic features?

<p>Morphological species concept</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which species concept focuses on the potential to interbreed and produce viable, fertile offspring within a group of populations?

<p>Biological species concept</p> Signup and view all the answers

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