Dispersion Forces: Origin and Mechanism
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Questions and Answers

According to the Kinetic Molecular Theory of matter, what determines whether a substance exists in a solid, liquid, or gaseous state?

  • The temperature of the sample (correct)
  • The molecular weight of the particles
  • The shape of the container
  • The color of the substance

In which phase do molecules have the least amount of energy according to the Kinetic Molecular Theory?

  • Solid (correct)
  • Liquid
  • Gas
  • Plasma

What theory describes the microscopic properties of atoms or molecules and their interactions, leading to observable macroscopic properties?

  • Kinetic Molecular Theory (correct)
  • String Theory
  • Quantum Mechanical Theory
  • Relativity Theory

According to the Kinetic Molecular Theory, what is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a sample of matter?

<p>Temperature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the average amount of empty space between molecules as matter moves from solid to gas phases?

<p>It increases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of energy varies depending on the temperature a sample of matter is in?

<p>Kinetic energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the attractive forces between atoms/molecules called?

<p>Intermolecular forces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which state of matter assumes the shape of its container and does not expand to fill it?

<p>Liquid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are solids not very compressible?

<p>Intermolecular forces hold particles close together (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which state of matter is virtually incompressible?

<p>Solid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which state of matter do intermolecular forces result in a higher density compared to gases?

<p>Liquid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do liquids flow readily compared to solids?

<p>Stronger intermolecular forces in liquids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of dispersion forces?

<p>Motion of electrons in atoms or molecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In dipole-dipole forces, what type of attractions occur?

<p>Attractions between partially positive and negative ends (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a dipole moment in a molecule?

<p>Unequal sharing of electrons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do repulsions occur in dipole-dipole forces?

<p>When molecules are close together (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of forces are only effective when molecules are close to each other?

<p>Dipole-dipole forces (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the difference in electronegativity between atoms in a molecule lead to?

<p>Unequal sharing of electrons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a supersaturated solution when disturbed?

<p>The excess solute precipitates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general rule for solubility based on the nature of the solvent and solute?

<p>'Like dissolves like,' based on polarity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which solvent is highlighted as the most important polar solvent in the text?

<p>Water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does increasing temperature generally have on the solubility of solids and liquids?

<p>Increases solubility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does pressure affect the solubility of gases according to Henry's law?

<p>Increases solubility of gases in liquids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors has virtually no effect on the solubility of a solid or liquid?

<p>Pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does carbon form complex, branched-chain structures, ring structures, and cage-like structures?

<p>Because it can form four bonds. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of all known compounds are organic compounds?

<p>85% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is knowledge of organic chemistry essential for understanding biochemistry?

<p>Because organic compounds form the basis of important chemicals in living systems. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do most inorganic compounds differ from organic compounds in terms of bonding?

<p>Organic compounds have ionic bonds. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common property of organic compounds in terms of physical state?

<p>Solids with low melting points (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientific institute reported that there are more than 14 million compounds between 1800 and 2015?

<p>The Max Planck Institute (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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