Questions and Answers
What causes a dipole?
When the electrons are concentrated more at one end of a molecule, that end is slightly negative, and the other end, where the electrons aren't as concentrated, is slightly positive.
What is a London dispersion force?
The weak intermolecular force that results from the motion of electrons that creates temporary dipoles in molecules.
What happens when a neutral molecule becomes a temporary dipole?
It induces a temporary dipole on a nearby molecule.
London dispersion force is the only intermolecular force that works on _____
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In larger atoms, why can outer electrons move more freely?
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Study Notes
London Dispersion Forces Overview
- London dispersion forces are weak intermolecular forces that arise due to temporary dipoles created by the motion of electrons in molecules.
- These forces are significant in explaining interactions between noble gases and nonpolar molecules.
Dipoles and Their Formation
- A dipole forms when electron distribution within a molecule is uneven, resulting in one end being slightly negative and the opposite end being slightly positive.
- The concentration of electrons at one end of a molecule is a primary factor in the formation of a dipole.
Temporary Dipoles
- Neutral molecules can induce temporary dipoles in nearby molecules, allowing for interactions despite original neutrality.
- This process is crucial for understanding how nonpolar molecules interact with each other and with other types of molecules.
Unique Characteristics
- London dispersion forces are the sole type of intermolecular force that act on noble gases and nonpolar molecules due to their lack of permanent dipoles.
Electron Movement in Larger Atoms
- In larger atoms, outer electrons can move more freely because they occupy higher energy shells, which are farther from the nucleus.
- This reduced attraction to the nucleus allows for greater mobility of electrons, enhancing the likelihood of dipole formation.
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Description
Test your understanding of London dispersion forces with these flashcards. Learn about dipole formation and the characteristics of weak intermolecular forces involved in this phenomenon. Perfect for students delving into chemistry concepts related to Van Der Waals forces.
