Disinfection Kinetics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the process of killing harmful disease-producing bacteria in water known as?

  • Oxidation
  • Sterilization (correct)
  • Decontamination
  • Purification

Which equation represents the reduction of microorganisms when exposed to a disinfectant?

  • $\frac{dN}{dt}=kN$
  • $\frac{dN}{dt}=-kN$ (correct)
  • $N=N_0e^{-kt}$
  • $N=N_0(1-e^{-kt})$

What detrimental effect does excess lime have on water when used for disinfection?

  • It reduces alkalinity
  • It increases acidity
  • It increases alkalinity
  • It increases bacterial survival (correct)

Why is boiling not considered a practical method for disinfecting large quantities of water?

<p>It consumes a lot of energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to ozone when used for water treatment?

<p>It releases nascent oxygen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method requires the removal of excess lime before supplying treated water to the public?

<p>Recarbonation for lime removal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of preparing hydraulic profiles at peak and average design flows?

<p>To visualize the hydraulic grade line (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is pumping sometimes needed in a treatment plant?

<p>To achieve flow by gravity when total available head is insufficient (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the total loss through connecting pipings, channels, and appurtenances?

<p>Head loss due to contraction, entrance, exit, friction, bends, fittings, gates, valves, meters, and weir (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the hydraulic profile represent in a treatment plant?

<p>Water surface elevation difference in the influent and effluent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a component of head losses through the treatment unit?

<p>Head losses through the unit only (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is head loss computation started in the direction of flow using watersurface in the influent as a reference?

<p>To visualize hydraulic grade line accurately (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of nascent oxygen in water treatment?

<p>Removes organic matter and bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What forms the free chlorine residual in water treatment?

<p>Hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound reacts with chlorine to form chloramines in drinking water systems?

<p>Ammonia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the reactions that create a unique relationship between chlorine dose and the form of chlorine?

<p>Breakpoint reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle is important in plant layout for treatment plants based on the provided text?

<p>Consideration of existing site topography (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What theory explains the germicidal action of chlorine in killing enzymes in bacteria?

<p>Enzymatic hypothesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In water treatment, what does the term 'chlorine demand' refer to?

<p>Reaction of chlorine with organics and inorganics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the products of the breakpoint reaction?

<p>$N_2(g) + 3H^+ + 3Cl^- + H_2O$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main disinfectant used by many drinking water utilities?

<p>$NH_2Cl$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What compound reacts with all forms of chlorine at corrosion sites at pipe walls?

<p>$Fe^{2+}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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