Disinfection Kinetics Quiz

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What is the process of killing harmful disease-producing bacteria in water known as?

Oxidation

Sterilization (correct)

Decontamination

Purification

Which equation represents the reduction of microorganisms when exposed to a disinfectant?

$\frac{dN}{dt}=kN$

$\frac{dN}{dt}=-kN$ (correct)

$N=N_0e^{-kt}$

$N=N_0(1-e^{-kt})$

What detrimental effect does excess lime have on water when used for disinfection?

It reduces alkalinity

It increases acidity

It increases alkalinity

It increases bacterial survival (correct)

Why is boiling not considered a practical method for disinfecting large quantities of water?

It consumes a lot of energy Signup and view all the answers

What happens to ozone when used for water treatment?

It releases nascent oxygen Signup and view all the answers

Which method requires the removal of excess lime before supplying treated water to the public?

Recarbonation for lime removal Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of preparing hydraulic profiles at peak and average design flows?

To visualize the hydraulic grade line Signup and view all the answers

Why is pumping sometimes needed in a treatment plant?

To achieve flow by gravity when total available head is insufficient Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the total loss through connecting pipings, channels, and appurtenances?

Head loss due to contraction, entrance, exit, friction, bends, fittings, gates, valves, meters, and weir Signup and view all the answers

What does the hydraulic profile represent in a treatment plant?

Water surface elevation difference in the influent and effluent Signup and view all the answers

What is a component of head losses through the treatment unit?

Head losses through the unit only Signup and view all the answers

Why is head loss computation started in the direction of flow using watersurface in the influent as a reference?

To visualize hydraulic grade line accurately Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of nascent oxygen in water treatment?

Removes organic matter and bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What forms the free chlorine residual in water treatment?

Hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ion Signup and view all the answers

Which compound reacts with chlorine to form chloramines in drinking water systems?

Ammonia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the reactions that create a unique relationship between chlorine dose and the form of chlorine?

Breakpoint reaction Signup and view all the answers

Which principle is important in plant layout for treatment plants based on the provided text?

Consideration of existing site topography Signup and view all the answers

What theory explains the germicidal action of chlorine in killing enzymes in bacteria?

Enzymatic hypothesis Signup and view all the answers

In water treatment, what does the term 'chlorine demand' refer to?

Reaction of chlorine with organics and inorganics Signup and view all the answers

What are the products of the breakpoint reaction?

$N_2(g) + 3H^+ + 3Cl^- + H_2O$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the main disinfectant used by many drinking water utilities?

$NH_2Cl$ Signup and view all the answers

What compound reacts with all forms of chlorine at corrosion sites at pipe walls?

$Fe^{2+}$ Signup and view all the answers

Disinfection Kinetics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the process of killing harmful disease-producing bacteria in water known as?

Which equation represents the reduction of microorganisms when exposed to a disinfectant?

What detrimental effect does excess lime have on water when used for disinfection?

Why is boiling not considered a practical method for disinfecting large quantities of water?

What happens to ozone when used for water treatment?

Which method requires the removal of excess lime before supplying treated water to the public?

What is the purpose of preparing hydraulic profiles at peak and average design flows?

Why is pumping sometimes needed in a treatment plant?

What contributes to the total loss through connecting pipings, channels, and appurtenances?

What does the hydraulic profile represent in a treatment plant?

What is a component of head losses through the treatment unit?

Why is head loss computation started in the direction of flow using watersurface in the influent as a reference?

What is the role of nascent oxygen in water treatment?

What forms the free chlorine residual in water treatment?

Which compound reacts with chlorine to form chloramines in drinking water systems?

What is the term for the reactions that create a unique relationship between chlorine dose and the form of chlorine?

Which principle is important in plant layout for treatment plants based on the provided text?

What theory explains the germicidal action of chlorine in killing enzymes in bacteria?

In water treatment, what does the term 'chlorine demand' refer to?

What are the products of the breakpoint reaction?

What is the main disinfectant used by many drinking water utilities?

What compound reacts with all forms of chlorine at corrosion sites at pipe walls?

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