34 Questions
What is the primary purpose of disinfection?
To kill pathogenic organisms or render them inert
What is a key factor that amplifies the natural biological processes leading to acquired resistance?
Overuse and misuse of antibiotics
What is the main difference between disinfectants and antiseptics?
Disinfectants are used on inanimate objects, while antiseptics are used on living tissue
What is a consequence of not completing a full course of antibiotics?
Resistant mutant strains of bacteria are selected
Which category of antimicrobial agents includes Penicillins and Cephalosporins?
β-lactams
What is a common practice in intensive farming of animals that contributes to antibiotic resistance?
Using antibiotics as growth promoters
What is the ideal aim of an antibacterial agent?
To inhibit the growth of a bacterial pathogen without affecting the host
Which of the following is an example of a Polypeptide?
Polymyxin B
What is the responsibility of doctors in prescribing antibiotics?
To determine the shortest course necessary based on guidelines
What is the purpose of Mupirocin?
To inhibit the growth of bacterial pathogens
What is a consequence of the transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria from animals to humans?
The emergence of untreatable diseases
What is the result of over-prescription and over-use of antibiotics?
The selection of resistant mutant strains of bacteria
What is the primary function of β-lactamase enzymes in producing bacteria?
To protect themselves from their own bacteriocins
How many different β-lactamase enzymes were identified as of February 2024?
Exactly 8208
What is the main reason for contraindicating antibacterial drugs in children with musculoskeletal adverse events?
Musculoskeletal adverse events are a common side effect
What is the effect of combining a β-lactam agent with an inhibitor agent on antimicrobial susceptibility plates?
Synergistic effect
What is the meaning of TID in the context of PJC dosage?
Three times a day
What is the primary difference between MBC and MIC?
MBC measures the minimum bactericidal concentration, while MIC measures the minimum inhibitory concentration
What is the purpose of laboratory susceptibility testing?
To relate in vitro testing to in vivo therapeutic outcomes
What is the name of the antibiotic combination that includes amoxycillin and clavulanic acid?
Augmentin
Why should antibacterial drugs be avoided in patients with abnormal heart QT interval?
Antibacterial drugs can prolong the QT interval, increasing the risk of cardiac complications
What is the result of combining amoxycillin and clavulanic acid on antimicrobial susceptibility plates?
Complete susceptibility to ampicillin
What is the main reason for contraindicating antibacterial drugs in patients with Marfan syndrome and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome?
Increased risk of aortic aneurysms
What is the main factor that affects the outcome of MIC tests?
The inoculum size
What is the mechanism of resistance in which the antibiotic is removed from the bacterial cell before it can bind to its target?
Active removal of drug from the bacterial cell
Which of the following bacteria is listed as a critical priority by the WHO?
Acinetobacter baumannii
What is the result of the binding of b-lactam anti-bacterial agents to proteins at the cell wall/cell membrane interface?
Cell lysis
What is the name of the enzymes that inactivate b-lactam antibiotics?
All of the above
What is the mechanism of resistance in which the antibiotic is modified or inactivated by enzymes?
Enzymatic inactivation or modification of drug
What is the common structure found in all b-lactam agents?
B-lactam ring
Which of the following is an example of the emergence of new resistance genes?
VRE
What is the result of the modification of internal drug targets?
Decreased antibiotic binding
Which of the following is an example of enzymatic inactivation of drug?
All of the above
What is the mechanism of resistance in which the bacterial cell modifies its cell wall or cell membrane to decrease antibiotic binding?
Modification of the cell wall or cell membrane
Test your knowledge of disinfectants and antiseptics, including their definitions, differences, and classification. Learn about the process of disinfection and sterilization, and how these substances are used to inhibit microbial organisms.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
