18 Questions
What is a common viral infection involved in exacerbations of COPD?
Rhinovirus
Why can bacteria proliferate and persist in COPD airways?
Defective innate immune responses
Which of the following is NOT an associated feature of systemic inflammation in COPD?
Improved lung function
Why is persistent systemic inflammation considered a novel phenotype in COPD?
It is linked to poor clinical outcomes
What percentage of patients with COPD show some components of systemic inflammation?
70%
What can lead to bacterial exacerbation in COPD?
Both airway and systemic inflammation
What are the common manifestations of chronic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
Decreased lung elastic recoil and structural changes
Which physiological change is associated with COPD?
Loss of small airway patency leading to air trapping
What effect does alveolar destruction have on gas exchange in COPD?
Reduces the efficiency of gas exchange
Which lung pathology is characterized by premature closure of airways on expiration?
Obstructive bronchiolitis
What contributes to the inefficient mixing of inspired air in COPD?
Increased residual volume
Which event is NOT a result of chronic inflammation in COPD?
Enhanced lung elastic recoil
What is considered the hallmark of COPD?
Increased neutrophils in airways inflammation
Which cell type is important in the pathogenesis of COPD due to their elevated levels in sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid?
Macrophages
What is a characteristic feature of alveolar macrophages from COPD patients?
Enhanced elastase activity compared to healthy controls
In what percentage of COPD patients is eosinophilic inflammation found?
15-40%
What is the role of eosinophils in COPD pathogenesis?
Play an important role in eosinophilic inflammation
What percentage of patients with stable COPD experience bacterial infection?
30%
Test your knowledge on COPD exacerbations caused by bacterial infections, the role of viruses in COPD, and how COPD is considered a systemic disease. Explore the relationship between Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, viral infections, and COPD exacerbations.
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