Questions and Answers
What is the most probable diagnosis for a patient with tension of all muscle groups, generalized convulsions every 10-15 minutes?
Tetanus
What type of wound infection can be suspected in a patient with a fever, general weakness, headache, and spasmodic muscle contractions around the wound in the shin?
Tetanus
What is the most likely diagnosis for a patient with tonic tension of the masticatory muscles, unable to open their mouth, after being bitten by an unknown dog?
Tetanus
What is the most likely diagnosis for a 4-year-old girl who died suddenly with symptoms of asphyxia, and autopsy revealed white spots on the buccal mucosa, and giant-cell pneumonia on microscopy?
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Which of the following infections is characterized by generalized convulsions every 10-15 minutes?
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What is the most likely diagnosis for a patient with fever, general weakness, headache, and painfulness and spastic muscle contractions around the wound in the shin?
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A 3-year-old child is due for a routine immunization against which disease?
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A 1.5-year-old child develops high fever, headache, and fatigue, followed by muscular pain and loss of movement in the right leg. What is the initial diagnosis?
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A patient develops limited mouth opening (trismus) after a stab wound of the lower extremity. What infection may cause these symptoms?
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A patient develops difficult mouth opening (lockjaw) after a stab wound of the lower extremity. What infection can be manifested by these symptoms?
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A patient develops malaise, fatigability, irritability, headache, high body temperature, and muscle twitching of the right crus after a minor trauma. What disease can it be?
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A patient develops complicated mouth opening following foot trauma. What infection can cause these symptoms?
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What is the most probable diagnosis based on the symptoms of conjunctivitis, bright red maculopapular rash, hyperemic pharynx, serous purulent secretions from the nose, and dry rales in the lungs?
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A 5-year-old child presents with an acute disease characterized by fever, running nose, cough, and conjunctivitis. On the 4th day, a maculopapular rash appears on the face. What is the provisional diagnosis?
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A 3-year-old child has been suffering from fever, cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis for 4 days. Today, the child has fever and a maculopapular rash on the face. What is the diagnosis?
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What protozoan disease might have caused the intrauterine death of a fetus?
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A woman gave birth to a stillborn baby with numerous malformations. What protozoan disease could have caused intrauterine death?
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A married couple applied to a genetic consultation due to their child with multiple abnormalities. What illness during pregnancy could have caused the abnormalities?
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What is the primary goal of vaccination against infectious diseases such as measles and rubella?
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What is the main method of prevention for tuberculosis?
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Study Notes
Tetanus
- Generalized convulsions every 10-15 minutes on the third day are a likely indication of Tetanus.
- Spastic muscle contractions around the wound, particularly in the shin area, are a common symptom of Tetanus.
- Tonic tension of the masticatory muscles, making it difficult to open the mouth, is a possible sign of Tetanus.
- Trismus (limited mouth opening) can be a symptom of Tetanus, especially if the patient has a history of a stab wound.
Infections
- Wound infections can cause a range of symptoms, including fever, general weakness, headache, and spastic muscle contractions.
- Specific types of wound infections, such as Gram-positive or Gram-negative infections, can have distinct symptoms.
Measles
- Measles can cause sudden death, particularly in children, with symptoms of asphyxia.
- Autopsy may reveal white spots on the buccal mucosa, large blotches of rash on the skin, conjunctivitis, and giant-cell pneumonia on microscopy.
- A 4-year-old child with symptoms of asphyxia, white spots on the buccal mucosa, and a rash on the skin may have Measles.
- A provisional diagnosis of Measles can be made based on symptoms such as fever, running nose, cough, and conjunctivitis, followed by a maculopapular rash.
Poliomyelitis
- A 1.5-year-old child with high temperature, headache, and fatigue, followed by muscular pain and loss of movement in the right leg, may have Poliomyelitis.
- Poliomyelitis can cause acute paralysis, particularly in children.
Other Infections
- Rabies can cause pronounced tension and twitching of the masticatory muscles.
- Meningoencephalitis can cause symptoms such as fever, headache, and spasmodic contraction of muscles.
- Anaerobic wound infections can cause a range of symptoms, including fever, general weakness, and muscle contractions.
- Toxoplasmosis can cause intrauterine death and multiple developmental defects in a fetus.
Vaccinations
- A 3-year-old child may require routine immunization against diseases such as Poliomyelitis, Diphtheria, and Tetanus.
- A child may also require immunization against Measles, Rubella, and Parotitis.
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Description
Diagnose diseases based on symptoms such as convulsions, muscle contractions, and high fever. Quiz questions for medical students and professionals.
