Discrimination Law and Remedies Quiz

To restore the individual to the position they would have been in if they had not suffered the wrong or injury.

Compensatory damages are intended to compensate the plaintiff for actual losses or expenses incurred; an example is medical expenses.

The three components are: identifying a protected ground, determining adverse impact, and establishing a causal link.

<p>General damages are awarded for non-monetary losses, such as pain and suffering, while special damages are for specific, quantifiable losses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The employer must justify the discriminatory action or policy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Punitive damages are intended to punish the defendant for their actions, rather than compensate the plaintiff.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>BFOR stands for Bona Fide Occupational Requirement, signifying a genuine requirement for the job.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nominal damages are a small amount awarded to acknowledge a technical injury or infringement of rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Undue hardship refers to conditions where accommodating an employee would impose significant financial costs, health risks, or interfere with operational requirements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary purpose is to prevent fraud and misrepresentation by limiting the introduction of extrinsic evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Extrinsic evidence can be introduced if the written contract is ambiguous or uncertain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aggravated damages are awarded for intentional infliction of emotional distress or particularly egregious conduct.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three factors are significant financial costs, health and safety risks, and interference with operational requirements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reasonable accommodation requires employers to meet an employee's needs to the point of undue hardship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The rule promotes certainty and finality in contracts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Race is one example of a protected ground.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It may specify a notice period or provide for a certain amount of severance pay.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The employer may be liable for damages equivalent to the salary and benefits the employee would have received during the reasonable notice period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The test focuses on determining whether an employer’s policy discriminates against employees based on protected grounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first step is determining whether the policy is discriminatory and has an adverse impact based on protected grounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Race, gender identity, and disability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It establishes a framework for analyzing discrimination and emphasizes considering historical disadvantage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Employers must accommodate employees unless it causes undue hardship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Compensatory damages restore the injured party's lost wages and benefits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The employer must provide a valid justification, demonstrating that the policy is rationally connected to a legitimate business goal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The accommodation would cause significant financial or operational hardship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is essential to assess whether the policy minimally impairs the rights of affected employees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A safe workplace.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It assigns roles and responsibilities to employers, supervisors, and employees for maintaining safety.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the negotiation process between a union and employer to create a collective agreement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a process for resolving disputes related to the collective agreement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A strike is initiated by employees to demand concessions, while a lockout is employer-enforced to pressure employees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Punitive damages may only be awarded in exceptional cases where the employer's conduct is malicious, oppressive, or high-handed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The judgment established a new category of damages called 'Wallace damages' for bad faith conduct by employers during the termination process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Indirect discrimination refers to policies that appear neutral but disproportionately affect certain groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent worker exploitation and ensure time for rest and leisure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have influenced the development of minimum wage laws, labor protections, and workplace safety regulations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Employers are legally obligated to modify work conditions for employees with disabilities or other protected characteristics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They provide a framework for determining the reasonable notice period an employer must give to an employee upon termination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Employers can claim undue hardship or safety concerns as defenses against accommodation requests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The employee's age is a significant factor; older employees may be entitled to longer notice periods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The decision has made it more difficult for employees to obtain punitive damages in wrongful dismissal cases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Longer-serving employees may be entitled to longer notice periods, recognizing their loyalty and contribution to the company.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wallace damages are intended to compensate employees for bad faith conduct by their employers during the termination process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Minimum wage regulations vary by jurisdiction due to differing economic conditions and legal frameworks in different areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It considers the type of job and level of responsibility; senior or specialized employees may be entitled to longer notice periods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>If similar employment opportunities are scarce, the employee may be entitled to a longer notice period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have provided a standardized framework for determining reasonable notice periods in termination cases.</p> Signup and view all the answers