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Viruses can grow on artificial nutrient media.
Viruses can grow on artificial nutrient media.
False
The genome of viruses is represented only by nucleic acid.
The genome of viruses is represented only by nucleic acid.
True
Viruses are considered to be a form of inanimate organic substances.
Viruses are considered to be a form of inanimate organic substances.
False
Viruses have the ability to reproduce (replication).
Viruses have the ability to reproduce (replication).
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Phytopathogenic viruses are submicroscopic infectious agents characterized by small sizes that do not allow them to be observed in a light microscope.
Phytopathogenic viruses are submicroscopic infectious agents characterized by small sizes that do not allow them to be observed in a light microscope.
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Adolf Mayer discovered that the causative agent of tobacco mosaic is a bacterium
Adolf Mayer discovered that the causative agent of tobacco mosaic is a bacterium
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D. I. Ivanovsky proved the existence of a new type of pathogen called a virus in 1892
D. I. Ivanovsky proved the existence of a new type of pathogen called a virus in 1892
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Dutch artists of the early 17th century usually depicted healthy tulip flowers in their still lifes
Dutch artists of the early 17th century usually depicted healthy tulip flowers in their still lifes
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Viral diseases of plants, such as potato leaf twisting and tulip variegation, have been known for several centuries
Viral diseases of plants, such as potato leaf twisting and tulip variegation, have been known for several centuries
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The epidemiology described in the tenth century BC in China is very similar to smallpox
The epidemiology described in the tenth century BC in China is very similar to smallpox
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Martin Beyerink concluded that an unknown infectious agent causes tobacco mosaic, passing through a porcelain filter and diffusing into agar gel.
Martin Beyerink concluded that an unknown infectious agent causes tobacco mosaic, passing through a porcelain filter and diffusing into agar gel.
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Electron microscopy in the 1930s allowed for the detailed study of the structure of virions, such as the rod-shaped particles of tobacco mosaic virus obtained in a crystalline state.
Electron microscopy in the 1930s allowed for the detailed study of the structure of virions, such as the rod-shaped particles of tobacco mosaic virus obtained in a crystalline state.
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The discovery of bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) by Tuort and D Errel was a significant development in virology.
The discovery of bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) by Tuort and D Errel was a significant development in virology.
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In the USSR, phytovirusological laboratories were established in the 1930s under the leadership of prominent scientists.
In the USSR, phytovirusological laboratories were established in the 1930s under the leadership of prominent scientists.
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Real viruses, characterized by their ability to pass through bacterial filters, were initially referred to as ultraviruses or filtering viruses.
Real viruses, characterized by their ability to pass through bacterial filters, were initially referred to as ultraviruses or filtering viruses.
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Study Notes
Discovery of Virology and Foundations of Virological Research
- D.I. Ivanovsky's doctoral dissertation on "Mosaic tobacco disease" revealed key properties of the tobacco mosaic pathogen such as filterability through bacterial filters, infectivity, inability to grow on artificial nutrient media and the existence of a new class of microorganisms.
- Ivanovsky discovered viruses, which led to the establishment of the scientific discipline of virology.
- Martin Beyerink, in 1898, based on Ivanovsky's data, concluded that an unknown infectious agent causes tobacco mosaic, passing through a porcelain filter and diffusing into agar gel.
- Electron microscopy in the 1930s allowed for the detailed study of the structure of virions, such as the rod-shaped particles of tobacco mosaic virus obtained in a crystalline state.
- Girer and Schram proved the ability of purified viral nucleic acid to cause viral infection using the example of tobacco mosaic virus RNA.
- The discovery of bacterial viruses (bacteriophages) by Tuort and D Errel was a significant development in virology.
- The formation of virology as an independent science was driven by serious virological research in scientific centers of many countries, including the USSR.
- In the USSR, phytovirusological laboratories were established in the 1930s under the leadership of prominent scientists.
- The virologists of the USSR conducted in-depth theoretical studies and developed effective measures to combat viral diseases.
- Virology is currently one of the main biological sciences, with its beginning associated with the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus and the study of bacterial viruses and viral diseases of animals.
- The term "virus" has been known for a long time, initially used by the ancient Greeks and later adopted by Louis Pasteur to denote pathogens of infectious diseases.
- Real viruses, characterized by their ability to pass through bacterial filters, were initially referred to as ultraviruses or filtering viruses.
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Description
Explore the historical discoveries and foundational research that led to the establishment of virology as a scientific discipline. Learn about key figures, groundbreaking experiments, and the emergence of virology as a main biological science.
