Biology and Microbiology Fundamentals

Definition of Biology

• Biology derives from the Greek word (bios), meaning living organisms, and (logy), meaning study.
• Therefore, biology is defined as the study of living organisms.

Overview of Microbiology

• Micro means very small, observed using a microscope.
• Microbiology is the scientific discipline focused on the study of microorganisms or microbes.

Types of Microorganisms

• Microorganisms include:
  • Bacteria: Single-celled organisms that can be found in diverse environments.
  • Algae: Photosynthetic organisms found in water, which can be unicellular or multicellular.
  • Protozoa: Diverse group of single-celled organisms, often motile and ingesting organic material.
  • Fungi: Organisms that include yeasts, molds, and mushrooms, essential for decomposition.
  • Viruses: Infectious particles that require a host to replicate; debated whether they are living organisms.

Terminology Regarding Viruses

• Many scientists categorize viruses as non-living due to their dependence on host cells for reproduction.
• Viruses are often referred to as infectious agents or infectious particles in scientific discussions.

Learn the basics of biology and microbiology, including the definition of biology, overview of microbiology, and types of microorganisms.