12 Questions
What is the host range of viruses?
Host range refers to the range of species that a virus can infect.
Define obligate intracellular parasites.
Obligate intracellular parasites are organisms that must infect a cellular host in order to survive and reproduce.
What is the role of virions in the viral life cycle?
Virions are new virus particles that transport the viral genome to another host cell for another round of infection.
Explain the difference between mechanical transmission and biological transmission of viruses by vectors.
Mechanical transmission occurs when arthropods carry a viral pathogen on the outside of their body, while biological transmission happens when the arthropod carries the viral pathogen inside their body.
What are bacteriophages and how are they different from other viruses?
Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria specifically. They are different because they target bacterial cells rather than cells of other organisms.
How do viruses cause varying effects on host cells?
Viruses can cause abnormal growth of the cell, cell death, alter the cell's genome, or sometimes have little noticeable effect.
What prevented the filterable component causing tobacco mosaic disease (TMD) from being seen with light microscopes?
Small size
What was the pore size of the Porcelain Chamberland filters used by Dmitri Ivanovski?
0.1 µm
Initially, what was thought to be the source of tobacco mosaic disease (TMD) before the discovery of the filterable component?
Bacterial
According to Ivanovski's conclusion, what could be causing tobacco mosaic disease (TMD)?
An extremely small bacterium or bacterial spore
Who eventually concluded that the causative agent of tobacco mosaic disease (TMD) was not a bacterium but a toxin?
Martinus Beijerinck
What word, meaning poison in Latin, was used to describe the cause of tobacco mosaic disease (TMD) after Ivanovski’s initial discovery?
Virus
Learn about the historical discovery of the filterable agent causing tobacco mosaic disease that was smaller than bacteria. Explore how Russian botanist Dmitri Ivanovski traced the source of the disease using porcelain filtering devices invented by Chamberland and Pasteur.
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