CH 2: Molecular make up of cells
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Questions and Answers

Who discovered plant cells in 1665?

  • Marie Curie
  • Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
  • Robert Hooke (correct)
  • Louis Pasteur

    • What technique was introduced to enhance the visibility of internal cell structures during the evolution of microscopy?

  • Chemical staining (correct)
  • Freezing
  • Laser cutting
  • Heat treatment

    • In which century were cells first observed using simple magnifying devices?

  • 17th century (correct)
  • 16th century
  • 19th century
  • 18th century

    • What type of microscopes provided significantly improved clarity and magnification by the early 1900s?

    <p>Advanced light microscopes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist advanced the study of microbiology by observing bacteria and single-celled organisms in the 17th century?

    <p>Antonie van Leeuwenhoek</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What revolutionary advancement in microscopy occurred in 1940?

    <p>Development of electron microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lenses do microscopes use to magnify objects?

    <p>'Convex' lenses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Robert Hooke discover in cork in 1665?

    <p>'Cellular' structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Antonie van Leeuwenhoek observe using refined lenses?

    <p>'Single-celled organisms' and bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fundamental principle of cell theory?

    <p>The cell is the smallest unit of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of microscope uses beams of electrons instead of light for magnification?

    <p>Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is crucial for preserving the functionality of light microscopes?

    <p>Proper handling and maintenance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is magnification calculated in a light microscope?

    <p>By multiplying the magnification power of the ocular lens by that of the objective lens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a life function exhibited by cells according to cell theory?

    <p>Invisibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are field of view and magnification related in microscopy?

    <p>As magnification increases, field of view decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed cell theory in 1838?

    <p>Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to deduce the actual size of objects in micrographs?

    <p>&quot;Scale bars&quot; provided in the images</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the essential components of a light microscope?

    <p>Ocular lens, objective lenses, light source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the field of view as magnification increases?

    <p>Decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)?

    <p>TEM can achieve higher magnifications than SEM.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does magnification affect the field of view in microscopy?

    <p>Field of view decreases as magnification increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is proper handling and maintenance crucial for light microscopes?

    <p>To preserve the functionality and precision of the microscope.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the cell theory positing that 'all cells originate from pre-existing cells'?

    <p>It disproves the concept of spontaneous generation of cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you calculate the size of objects in micrographs using scale bars?

    <p>By measuring the distance on the scale bar and converting it to actual size.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does cell theory propose about all living organisms?

    <p>They are composed of cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are compound lenses used in microscopes to increase magnification?

    <p>To achieve higher magnification by combining lens powers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the field of view change as magnification increases?

    <p>'Field of view shrinks as magnification increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Antonie van Leeuwenhoek observe using more refined lenses?

    <p>Bacteria and single-celled organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant improvement brought about by the development of electron microscopes?

    <p>Higher magnification and resolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of using chemical stains in microscopy?

    <p>To enhance the visibility of internal cell structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Robert Hooke contribute to the field of cell biology?

    <p>Observed plant cells and noted their structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do convex lenses play in the operation of microscopes?

    <p>Magnify the observed objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did early microscopes primarily reveal about cells?

    <p>Tiny, colorless, and translucent units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why were chemical stains introduced in the evolution of microscopy?

    <p>To enhance visibility of internal cell structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of microscope allowed detailed visualization of organelles like mitochondria?

    <p>Electron microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Robert Hooke specifically discover in plant cells in 1665?

    <p>Cellular structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a limitation of early microscopes regarding cellular observation?

    <p>Limited magnification and resolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of introducing chemical stains in the evolution of microscopy?

    <p>To enhance the visibility of internal cell structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who made significant advancements in microbiology by observing bacteria and single-celled organisms using refined lenses in the 17th century?

    <p>Antonie van Leeuwenhoek</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did early lens microscopes primarily reveal about cells?

    <p>Their lack of definition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What revolutionary step occurred in the field of microscopy in 1940?

    <p>Invention of electron microscopes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do microscopes magnify objects?

    <p>By altering the size of the object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are convex lenses essential for the operation of microscopes?

    <p>To magnify objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technological advancement significantly improved the clarity and magnification of cellular structures by the early 1900s?

    <p>Light Microscopes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist discovered plant cells and noted their 'cellular' structure in cork in 1665?

    <p>Robert Hooke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Robert Hooke specifically observe in plant cells in 1665?

    <p>The 'cellular' structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant implication of understanding cellular structure and function through microscopy?

    <p>It has profoundly impacted medical, biological, and environmental research by unlocking mysteries of cellular processes and their applications in health and disease management.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature of microscopes makes it possible to see beyond the naked eye?

    <p>The use of beams of electrons instead of light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using objective lenses of varying magnification in a light microscope?

    <p>To increase magnification and obtain detailed observations of specimens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of proper handling and maintenance of light microscopes?

    <p>To preserve their functionality and precision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)?

    <p>TEM provides a 2D image of the internal structure of the specimen, while SEM provides a 3D image of the surface features.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Antonie van Leeuwenhoek observe using more refined lenses?

    <p>He observed bacteria and single-celled organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does magnification affect the field of view in microscopy?

    <p>As magnification increases, the field of view decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the role of chemical stains in microscopy?

    <p>Chemical stains were introduced to enhance the visibility of internal cell structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the cell theory positing that 'all cells originate from pre-existing cells'?

    <p>This statement supports the principle that cells are the fundamental unit of life and continue to replicate and divide to give rise to new cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a life function exhibited by cells according to cell theory?

    <p>Intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

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