CH 2: Molecular make up of cells
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Questions and Answers

Who discovered plant cells in 1665?

  • Marie Curie
  • Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
  • Robert Hooke (correct)
  • Louis Pasteur

What technique was introduced to enhance the visibility of internal cell structures during the evolution of microscopy?

  • Chemical staining (correct)
  • Freezing
  • Laser cutting
  • Heat treatment

In which century were cells first observed using simple magnifying devices?

  • 17th century (correct)
  • 16th century
  • 19th century
  • 18th century

What type of microscopes provided significantly improved clarity and magnification by the early 1900s?

<p>Advanced light microscopes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist advanced the study of microbiology by observing bacteria and single-celled organisms in the 17th century?

<p>Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What revolutionary advancement in microscopy occurred in 1940?

<p>Development of electron microscope (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of lenses do microscopes use to magnify objects?

<p>'Convex' lenses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Robert Hooke discover in cork in 1665?

<p>'Cellular' structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Antonie van Leeuwenhoek observe using refined lenses?

<p>'Single-celled organisms' and bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental principle of cell theory?

<p>The cell is the smallest unit of life. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microscope uses beams of electrons instead of light for magnification?

<p>Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is crucial for preserving the functionality of light microscopes?

<p>Proper handling and maintenance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is magnification calculated in a light microscope?

<p>By multiplying the magnification power of the ocular lens by that of the objective lens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a life function exhibited by cells according to cell theory?

<p>Invisibility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are field of view and magnification related in microscopy?

<p>As magnification increases, field of view decreases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who developed cell theory in 1838?

<p>Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used to deduce the actual size of objects in micrographs?

<p>&quot;Scale bars&quot; provided in the images (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the essential components of a light microscope?

<p>Ocular lens, objective lenses, light source (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the field of view as magnification increases?

<p>Decreases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)?

<p>TEM can achieve higher magnifications than SEM. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does magnification affect the field of view in microscopy?

<p>Field of view decreases as magnification increases. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is proper handling and maintenance crucial for light microscopes?

<p>To preserve the functionality and precision of the microscope. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the cell theory positing that 'all cells originate from pre-existing cells'?

<p>It disproves the concept of spontaneous generation of cells. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do you calculate the size of objects in micrographs using scale bars?

<p>By measuring the distance on the scale bar and converting it to actual size. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does cell theory propose about all living organisms?

<p>They are composed of cells. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are compound lenses used in microscopes to increase magnification?

<p>To achieve higher magnification by combining lens powers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the field of view change as magnification increases?

<p>'Field of view shrinks as magnification increases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Antonie van Leeuwenhoek observe using more refined lenses?

<p>Bacteria and single-celled organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant improvement brought about by the development of electron microscopes?

<p>Higher magnification and resolution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of using chemical stains in microscopy?

<p>To enhance the visibility of internal cell structures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Robert Hooke contribute to the field of cell biology?

<p>Observed plant cells and noted their structure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do convex lenses play in the operation of microscopes?

<p>Magnify the observed objects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did early microscopes primarily reveal about cells?

<p>Tiny, colorless, and translucent units (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were chemical stains introduced in the evolution of microscopy?

<p>To enhance visibility of internal cell structures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microscope allowed detailed visualization of organelles like mitochondria?

<p>Electron microscope (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Robert Hooke specifically discover in plant cells in 1665?

<p>Cellular structure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a limitation of early microscopes regarding cellular observation?

<p>Limited magnification and resolution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of introducing chemical stains in the evolution of microscopy?

<p>To enhance the visibility of internal cell structures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who made significant advancements in microbiology by observing bacteria and single-celled organisms using refined lenses in the 17th century?

<p>Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did early lens microscopes primarily reveal about cells?

<p>Their lack of definition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What revolutionary step occurred in the field of microscopy in 1940?

<p>Invention of electron microscopes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do microscopes magnify objects?

<p>By altering the size of the object (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are convex lenses essential for the operation of microscopes?

<p>To magnify objects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technological advancement significantly improved the clarity and magnification of cellular structures by the early 1900s?

<p>Light Microscopes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist discovered plant cells and noted their 'cellular' structure in cork in 1665?

<p>Robert Hooke (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Robert Hooke specifically observe in plant cells in 1665?

<p>The 'cellular' structure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant implication of understanding cellular structure and function through microscopy?

<p>It has profoundly impacted medical, biological, and environmental research by unlocking mysteries of cellular processes and their applications in health and disease management. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature of microscopes makes it possible to see beyond the naked eye?

<p>The use of beams of electrons instead of light (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using objective lenses of varying magnification in a light microscope?

<p>To increase magnification and obtain detailed observations of specimens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of proper handling and maintenance of light microscopes?

<p>To preserve their functionality and precision (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)?

<p>TEM provides a 2D image of the internal structure of the specimen, while SEM provides a 3D image of the surface features. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Antonie van Leeuwenhoek observe using more refined lenses?

<p>He observed bacteria and single-celled organisms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does magnification affect the field of view in microscopy?

<p>As magnification increases, the field of view decreases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the role of chemical stains in microscopy?

<p>Chemical stains were introduced to enhance the visibility of internal cell structures. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the cell theory positing that 'all cells originate from pre-existing cells'?

<p>This statement supports the principle that cells are the fundamental unit of life and continue to replicate and divide to give rise to new cells. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a life function exhibited by cells according to cell theory?

<p>Intelligence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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