Discovering My Uniqueness - Individual Differences

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Questions and Answers

What does Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory emphasize?

  • Classical conditioning principles
  • Innate behavior tendencies
  • Genetic predispositions
  • Observational learning through modeling (correct)

What are the four conditions necessary to ensure effective modeling according to the text?

  • Memory, Perception, Imitation, Reaction
  • Cognition, Reinforcement, Conditioning, Habituation
  • Attention, Retention, Reproduction, Motivation (correct)
  • Observation, Practice, Feedback, Endorsement

What happens in reciprocal determinism as described in the text?

  • Learning occurs through successive approximation
  • A behavior is imitated by others in a chain reaction (correct)
  • Individuals engage in cooperative behavior to reach a common goal
  • A certain behavior is rewarded with a reciprocal response

According to Christopher Cascio, what tends to happen when people learn about others' opinions?

<p>Incorporation of associated values into personal thinking (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of holistic development as mentioned in the text?

<p>Forming wholes greater than the sum of parts through evolution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which life stage do major physiological changes like puberty occur?

<p>Adolescence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a cognitive process?

<p>Language (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT listed as one of the four basic emotions?

<p>Excited (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of spiritual development during adolescence?

<p>Interconnectedness and empathy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following theories is mentioned in the text as related to psychological development?

<p>Erikson's eight stages of psychosocial development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of spiritual development during adulthood?

<p>Search for meaning in life and self-transcendence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an element of attitude in the text?

<p>Motivational (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to David Elkind, adolescents believe that:

<p>They are the center of attention and everyone is watching them (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During middle and late adolescence, one of the developmental tasks is to:

<p>Establish mature friendships with peers of both genders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Regarding relationships with parents during adolescence, it is common for adolescents to:

<p>Initially withdraw and then later try to rebuild the relationship (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

As adolescents grow older, what is expected of them?

<p>To exhibit a certain level of maturity and social responsibility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is not true about adolescent development?

<p>Adolescents completely isolate themselves from their parents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why adolescents engage in social comparison?

<p>To evaluate their personal development in various aspects of their lives (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of social comparison is typically associated with negative effects, such as insecurity and self-doubt?

<p>Upward comparison (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one positive effect of peer social comparison, according to the text?

<p>Inspired and genuinely happy for other people's successes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the text suggest that individuals can effectively manage the negative effects of peer social comparison?

<p>By practicing gratitude and being inspired by others' successes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why adolescents engage in social comparison?

<p>To evaluate their personal development in various aspects of their lives (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic that separates an adult from a child?

<p>Responsibility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of responsibility refers to obligations that are shared by a society?

<p>Social responsibility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason why responsibility is closely associated with productivity, achievement, and harmonious relationships in the community?

<p>Responsibility is not actually associated with productivity, achievement, and harmonious relationships. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of personal responsibility according to the text?

<p>Acknowledging and accepting one's decisions and actions, and the consequences and impacts these have on others. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text mean when it says that 'being responsible is a choice you freely make'?

<p>Even with constant reminders and lectures, you alone choose whether to be accountable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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