Disaster Risk and Community Vulnerability
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Questions and Answers

Vulnerability can only be determined by the ability to predict and cope with a natural or human-induced threat.

False (B)

A community's susceptibility to floods automatically means it's also highly vulnerable to earthquakes.

False (B)

The higher the population density, the lower the risk of a natural disaster.

False (B)

A community's resilience is determined by its ability to predict the likelihood of a specific hazard.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The concept of vulnerability in disaster risk reduction prioritizes individual preparedness over community-level factors.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Republic Act 10121, vulnerability solely refers to the weakness of a community's resources in the face of hazards.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A high number of people living in a particular area always indicates a high population density.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The vulnerability of a community is determined by the number of hazards it faces.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A community's vulnerability to hazards is primarily determined by its population size.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A community's capacity to reduce disaster risk is directly related to its ability to provide accessible services during and after a disaster.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Philippines' advanced technology for typhoon prediction and evacuation centers makes it less vulnerable to typhoons.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Physical vulnerability to hazards is primarily determined by the strength of infrastructure and buildings.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Social vulnerability to hazards can be defined as the difficulty in accessing essential services during and after a disaster.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Philippines is more vulnerable to earthquakes than Japan because it has a larger population.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Environmental vulnerability is primarily caused by natural resources depletion.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A vulnerability score of 0.8 indicates a high level of vulnerability.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Philippines' long coastline contributes to its vulnerability to earthquakes.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Philippines' reliance on agriculture and fishing makes it more vulnerable to natural disasters.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Vulnerability

The ability to predict, cope with, resist, and recover from threats.

Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act

A law defining vulnerability in communities against hazards.

Characteristics of Vulnerability

Traits that make a community susceptible to hazards' effects.

Situation Specific Vulnerability

Vulnerability varies based on specific local hazards.

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Resilience

The ability of a community to recover from hazards.

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Factors Affecting Vulnerability

Various elements that influence community vulnerability levels.

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Population Density

Number of individuals living in relation to the size of an area.

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Hazard Specific Vulnerability

Communities can be vulnerable to different specific hazards.

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Population Density Vulnerability

Higher population density increases vulnerability to hazards due to limited escape routes.

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Disaster Risk Reduction Capacity

The ability of a community to reduce disaster risk depends on accessibility of services and adaptation abilities.

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Physical Vulnerability

Vulnerability based on population density, site design, and material quality of structures.

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Social Vulnerability

Inability of people and organizations to cope with hazards due to social interactions and values.

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Economic Vulnerability

Economic status affects a community's ability to prepare for and recover from disasters.

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Socioeconomic Vulnerability

Combines social and economic factors that increase overall vulnerability to hazards.

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Environmental Vulnerability

Caused by depletion of natural resources and destruction affecting survival of species.

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Vulnerability Quantification

Calculating vulnerability based on past hazards to estimate future risk and response.

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Philippines' Vulnerability Factors

Factors like geography, economy, and poverty contribute to the high vulnerability of the Philippines.

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Impact of Typhoons

The Philippines faces an average of 20 typhoons yearly, making it a high-risk area.

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Study Notes

Vulnerability Definition and Factors

  • Vulnerability is a person or group's ability to predict, cope with, resist, and recover from natural or human-caused threats.
  • Increased vulnerability equates to greater risk of severe natural disasters.
  • Vulnerability is a state of being at risk, defined as characteristics and circumstances making a community, system, or resource susceptible to hazard effects (Republic Act 10121).
  • Vulnerability is situation-specific; a province prone to earthquakes doesn't mean all localities are vulnerable.
  • Vulnerability is also hazard-specific; vulnerability to earthquakes doesn't equate to vulnerability to typhoons.
  • Reducing vulnerability means community preparedness for possible hazard effects and resilience development.

Factors Affecting Vulnerability

  • Population Density: High population density near a hazard increases vulnerability due to limited escape routes during events.
    • Population is the number of individuals in a space.
    • Population density is the number of individuals per area unit.
  • Disaster Risk Reduction Capacity: A community's capacity to reduce disaster risk is linked to its ability to provide essential services and facilities before, during, and after events, and to anticipate, adapt, and respond effectively.
    • This capacity positively influences a community's ability to be less vulnerable to hazard events.

Vulnerability of Different Elements

  • Physical Vulnerability: Factors like population density, settlement location, infrastructure/housing design, and materials contribute to physical damage during hazard events.
    • Example: UP Visayas buildings destroyed by Typhoon Yolanda (2013).
    • Example: Decreased population density in Baguio (1990 earthquake).
  • Social Vulnerability: Societal issues, cultural values, and interactions affect a community’s ability to prevent hazard impacts.
    • Example: Communication disruptions (cell service outages, transportation issues) during typhoons hinder service delivery and lead to problems like food shortages and disease spread.
  • Economic Vulnerability: A community's economic status directly influences its resilience to disaster. Poorer communities are often less resilient to hazards due to lack of funds for protective measures.
    • Example: The Philippines' vulnerability to earthquakes compared to Japan's.
    • Example: High economic vulnerability among low-income individuals and informal workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Socioeconomic Vulnerability: Combined impact of social and economic vulnerabilities.
  • Environmental Vulnerability: Natural resource depletion and destruction weaken nature's ability to protect from hazards.
    • Example: Deforestation increasing landslide and flood risk.

Quantifying Vulnerability

  • Vulnerability is quantified to assess mitigation and preparedness needs, based on past hazard events and severity.
  • Vulnerability levels range from 0 (lowest) to 1 (highest) and expressed as ratios or costs related to casualties, injuries, and building repair.
  • Vulnerability of people = ratio of casualties/injured to total population.
  • Vulnerability of buildings = repair cost or degree of damage.

High Vulnerability in the Philippines

  • The Philippines' location in the Pacific Typhoon Belt and the average of 20 typhoons yearly contribute to its high vulnerability.
  • Rugged terrain increases landslide and mudflow risks.
  • The archipelago's geography (many small, low-lying islands) increases storm surge risk.
  • The longest shoreline globally (32,400 km) makes the Philippines vulnerable to storm surges.
  • Dependence on agriculture and fishing makes the Philippines vulnerable to impact.
  • Weak institutional and social capacity for hazard event management and preparedness.
  • High levels of poverty negatively impact resilience.
  • Additional risks from volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and floods.

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Description

This quiz explores the concepts of vulnerability and resilience in relation to natural and human-induced disasters. It covers factors that determine a community's susceptibility to risks and how population dynamics influence disaster preparedness. Test your understanding of key concepts in disaster risk reduction!

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