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Questions and Answers
What primarily determines the intensity of an earthquake in a specific locality?
What primarily determines the intensity of an earthquake in a specific locality?
Which type of earthquake is primarily associated with the explosive activity of a volcano?
Which type of earthquake is primarily associated with the explosive activity of a volcano?
How is the magnitude of an earthquake quantified?
How is the magnitude of an earthquake quantified?
Which factor is NOT considered when assessing earthquake hazards?
Which factor is NOT considered when assessing earthquake hazards?
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Which of the following correctly describes a dormant volcano?
Which of the following correctly describes a dormant volcano?
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What characterizes the lava flow in volcanic eruptions?
What characterizes the lava flow in volcanic eruptions?
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What does the Richter Scale primarily measure?
What does the Richter Scale primarily measure?
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What is the focus of an earthquake?
What is the focus of an earthquake?
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Which type of volcanic material includes rock fragments larger than 64mm?
Which type of volcanic material includes rock fragments larger than 64mm?
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What numerical representation is used for earthquake intensity?
What numerical representation is used for earthquake intensity?
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What is the potential effect of volcanic gases on the environment?
What is the potential effect of volcanic gases on the environment?
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What is the process of dome growth in volcanoes?
What is the process of dome growth in volcanoes?
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What primarily leads to damage during an earthquake?
What primarily leads to damage during an earthquake?
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Which volcanic hazard is described as a mudflow or volcanic debris flow?
Which volcanic hazard is described as a mudflow or volcanic debris flow?
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What type of tephra consists of fragments less than 2mm in size?
What type of tephra consists of fragments less than 2mm in size?
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What happens to a lava dome if it collapses?
What happens to a lava dome if it collapses?
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What is a primary factor contributing to rainfall-induced landslides?
What is a primary factor contributing to rainfall-induced landslides?
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What occurs when water from rainfall seeps into the ground more quickly than it can drain?
What occurs when water from rainfall seeps into the ground more quickly than it can drain?
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What type of landslide is characterized by a high speed due to the fluidity of the material?
What type of landslide is characterized by a high speed due to the fluidity of the material?
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How can localized landslides from volcanic areas be classified?
How can localized landslides from volcanic areas be classified?
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What impact does prolonged rainfall have on vegetation around a volcano?
What impact does prolonged rainfall have on vegetation around a volcano?
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Which phenomenon can be a sign of volcanic activity following intense rainfall?
Which phenomenon can be a sign of volcanic activity following intense rainfall?
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Where is the impact of landslides and associated damages notably observed?
Where is the impact of landslides and associated damages notably observed?
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What occurs to the chemical content of springs and crater lakes near volcanic areas as rainfall becomes intense?
What occurs to the chemical content of springs and crater lakes near volcanic areas as rainfall becomes intense?
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What is a primary cause of a dissolution sinkhole?
What is a primary cause of a dissolution sinkhole?
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What aspect does vulnerability primarily assess within a community?
What aspect does vulnerability primarily assess within a community?
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What is the potential depth range of sinkholes?
What is the potential depth range of sinkholes?
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How is a disaster distinct from a hazard based on the definitions provided?
How is a disaster distinct from a hazard based on the definitions provided?
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Which factor does not contribute to a community's vulnerability?
Which factor does not contribute to a community's vulnerability?
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What is a crucial step in preparing for emergencies related to sinkholes?
What is a crucial step in preparing for emergencies related to sinkholes?
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Which option best describes a characteristic feature of dissolution sinkholes?
Which option best describes a characteristic feature of dissolution sinkholes?
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What does the term 'capacity' refer to in the context of disaster management?
What does the term 'capacity' refer to in the context of disaster management?
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Which of the following best describes a hazard?
Which of the following best describes a hazard?
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What materials are primarily found in the limestone bedrock that can cause a dissolution sinkhole?
What materials are primarily found in the limestone bedrock that can cause a dissolution sinkhole?
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Which of the following is least likely to be an effect of a disaster?
Which of the following is least likely to be an effect of a disaster?
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What type of sinkhole can be particularly dangerous due to its nature of formation?
What type of sinkhole can be particularly dangerous due to its nature of formation?
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Which of the following is NOT a detailed step in preparing for a sinkhole emergency?
Which of the following is NOT a detailed step in preparing for a sinkhole emergency?
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In the disaster risk reduction framework, which perspective focuses on the economic implications of disasters?
In the disaster risk reduction framework, which perspective focuses on the economic implications of disasters?
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What happens to the soil and vegetation that covers limestone bedrock during a dissolution sinkhole formation?
What happens to the soil and vegetation that covers limestone bedrock during a dissolution sinkhole formation?
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Which of these correctly categorizes a sudden calamitous event bringing significant damage as per the definitions?
Which of these correctly categorizes a sudden calamitous event bringing significant damage as per the definitions?
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Which of the following describes the cause of tsunamis?
Which of the following describes the cause of tsunamis?
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What is a primary hazard associated with liquefaction during an earthquake?
What is a primary hazard associated with liquefaction during an earthquake?
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What should be done indoors during an earthquake to ensure safety?
What should be done indoors during an earthquake to ensure safety?
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What triggers landslides in earthquake-prone areas?
What triggers landslides in earthquake-prone areas?
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What is an essential precaution to take regarding gas supply during an earthquake?
What is an essential precaution to take regarding gas supply during an earthquake?
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What is indicated by the location of the Philippines in relation to the Pacific Ring of Fire?
What is indicated by the location of the Philippines in relation to the Pacific Ring of Fire?
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What type of geological feature is a volcano?
What type of geological feature is a volcano?
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Which of the following actions is NOT advisable during an earthquake?
Which of the following actions is NOT advisable during an earthquake?
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Study Notes
Disaster Reduction and Risk Reduction (DRRR) - 3rd Quarter
- Disaster: A sudden calamitous event that significantly disrupts a community's or society's ability to cope using its resources, causing widespread human, material, economic, or environmental losses exceeding the community's coping capacity.
- Hazard: A dangerous phenomenon or substance that may cause loss of life, injuries, health problems, poverty, loss of livelihood, social and economic disruptions, or environmental damage.
- Disaster Risk: The likelihood of a community experiencing loss of life, injury, or destruction and damage from a disaster. It is different from a disaster, as a disaster is the result, disaster risk reflects likelihood, or the probability of that result occurring.
- Factors influencing Disaster Risk:
- Hazard: A phenomenon or event posing a danger to human lives and properties, causing environmental and structural damage.
- Exposure: The degree to which elements like people and properties are at risk from potential losses due to a specific hazard.
- Vulnerability: The degree of susceptibility of a community to the damaging effects of a hazard. This can be physical, economical, or social.
- Capacity: A community's ability to recover from a hazard using its available resources. This includes the ability to mitigate the hazard before it impacts a community.
Types of Hazards
- Atmospheric: Typhoons, hurricanes, extreme temperatures, droughts
- Hydrologic: Floods, droughts
- Technological: Transport accidents, industrial explosions and fires
- Geologic: Earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions
- Biological: COVID-19, HIV
Perspectives on Disaster
- Economic: Macro and microeconomic impacts
- Psychological: Impact of disaster on human minds
- Physical: Deaths and Injuries
- Sociocultural: Community behaviors and perceptions during and after disasters
- Political: Involvement or lack of involvement of the government in disaster relief and recovery
- Biological: Spread of bacteria/diseases.
Earthquake and Seismic Activity
- Earthquake: Ground shaking due to the sudden movement of rock materials below the earth's surface. The shaking can cause several types of damage.
- Seismicity: The type, magnitude, and rate of earthquake occurrence in a particular area over time.
- Types of Earthquakes based on tectonic activity: Tectonic, volcanic, and collapse.
Earthquake Hazards
- Ground shaking: Vibration from seismic waves; this is the primary cause of damage and injury from earthquakes.
- Ground rupture: Fault ruptures at the earth's surface causing damage to surface features and structures
- Liquefaction: The process where loose saturated sand loses strength acting like a liquid; this can cause buildings to sink or tilt.
- Ground subsidence: The movement of the earth's surface that moves it down or inward.
- Landslides: Often triggered by earthquake shaking; involves the movement of a mass of rock or soil down a slope.
Volcanic Hazards
- Lava flow: Molten rock flows from the volcano
- Dome growth: Growing mass of solidified lava
- Pyroclastic flow: A fast-moving current of hot gas and volcanic matter
- Pyroclastic surge: A fast-moving current of hot gas and volcanic matter, less dense than a pyroclastic flow
- Ballistic projectiles: Ejected chunks of solidified lava This includes many more hazards, and there are more specifics to learn about such as different types or magnitudes of each.
Landslides
- Rainfall-induced landslides: Landslides frequently occur during heavy rainfall when water makes the ground unstable.
- Types: Flow, creep, topple, and slide. These categories represent the way the displaced mass moves.
Volcanoes
- Active, Dormant, Extinct: Classification based on past eruptive history (still active, once active, or not in a long time)
- Volcanic Hazards: Lava Flows, Pyroclastic flows, Tephra, Volcanic Gases, Lahars.
General Safety Measures (during disasters):
- Seek safety and take shelter, keep informed, make preparations, and have your emergency kit available.
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Description
This quiz focuses on key concepts related to Disaster Reduction and Risk Reduction (DRRR) for the 3rd quarter. It covers definitions of disaster, hazard, and disaster risk, as well as factors affecting disaster risk. Test your knowledge on these essential topics and understand their implications for community safety.