10 Questions
Which of the following is the correct definition of 'borrowing' in translation work?
Using a word from the original language in the translation
What is the difference between 'borrowing' and 'calque' as direct translation techniques?
Borrowing involves using a word from the original language, while calque involves translating words literally
When is it appropriate to use the technique of borrowing in translation work?
When the tone and context of the original word make more sense than a translated version
Which of the following is an example of borrowing in everyday speech?
Using the word 'ballet' in English
What is the correct definition of 'calque' as a direct translation technique?
Translating words literally from one language to another
Which of the following is an example of transposition in translation?
Changing the word order in a sentence
What is the purpose of transposition in translation?
To ensure the translation makes sense in the target language
Why is transposition often required in translation?
Because it is necessary for the text to convey the same meaning
What is an example of transposition from English to Spanish?
Changing 'yellow house' to 'casa amarillo'
Why do machine translation techniques often struggle with transposition?
Because machines cannot understand the variations between languages
Study Notes
Techniques in Translation
- Borrowing is a technique in translation where words from the original language are maintained in the translated text.
- Borrowing is appropriate when it makes more sense for the tone and context to keep the original word.
- Calque is a direct translation technique where words are translated literally.
- Calque occurs naturally in languages and examples include Spanish adopting the word 'ratón' for computer mouse and English taking 'beer garden' from the German word 'biergarten'.
- Transposition is an indirect translation technique that changes word order or parts of speech without changing the meaning.
- Transposition is necessary for the text to make sense in the target language.
- Examples of transposition include changing 'yellow house' to 'casa amarillo' and 'I like reading' to 'me gusta leer'.
- Transposition is usually required by the language and not the translator's creative choice.
- Modulation is an indirect translation technique that involves changing the point of view or perspective.
- Modulation can be used to convey the same meaning in a different way.
- Modulation requires the translator to have a good understanding of the source and target languages.
- Machine translation often struggles with transposition and modulation due to the complicated variations between languages.
Test your knowledge of direct translation techniques with this quiz! Learn about the borrowing technique, where words from other languages are incorporated into everyday speech. Challenge yourself to identify when borrowing is and isn't appropriate in translation work.
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