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Questions and Answers
What is the primary mechanism of action for direct-acting muscarinic agonists?
What is the primary mechanism of action for direct-acting muscarinic agonists?
- Reacting directly with muscarinic receptor sites (correct)
- Inhibiting acetylcholinesterase to increase ACh levels
- Releasing norepinephrine from sympathetic nerve endings
- Blocking muscarinic receptors to prevent ACh binding
Which of the following conditions is bethanechol primarily used to treat?
Which of the following conditions is bethanechol primarily used to treat?
- Asthma
- Glaucoma
- Urinary retention (correct)
- Parkinsonism
Cevimeline and pilocarpine are indicated for the treatment of which condition?
Cevimeline and pilocarpine are indicated for the treatment of which condition?
- Intestinal obstruction
- Peptic ulcer
- Epilepsy
- Sjogren’s syndrome (correct)
What is a contraindication for direct-acting muscarinic agonists?
What is a contraindication for direct-acting muscarinic agonists?
ACh and carbachol are used for which of the following therapeutic uses?
ACh and carbachol are used for which of the following therapeutic uses?
What drug-drug interaction is observed with direct-acting muscarinic agonists?
What drug-drug interaction is observed with direct-acting muscarinic agonists?
Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of direct-acting muscarinic agonists?
Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of direct-acting muscarinic agonists?
A patient with which pre-existing condition should avoid direct-acting muscarinic agonists?
A patient with which pre-existing condition should avoid direct-acting muscarinic agonists?
The effects of direct-acting muscarinic agonists are related to stimulation of which nervous system?
The effects of direct-acting muscarinic agonists are related to stimulation of which nervous system?
What surgery might utilize acetylcholine or carbachol?
What surgery might utilize acetylcholine or carbachol?
Flashcards
Direct-Acting Muscarinic Agonists
Direct-Acting Muscarinic Agonists
React directly with muscarinic receptor sites to cause the same effects as if ACh had stimulated the sites, mimicking a parasympathetic response.
Acetylcholine & Carbachol
Acetylcholine & Carbachol
Used during cataract surgery and for glaucoma treatment.
Cevimeline & Pilocarpine
Cevimeline & Pilocarpine
Used in the treatment of Sjogren’s syndrome.
Bethanechol
Bethanechol
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Contraindications of Muscarinic Agonists
Contraindications of Muscarinic Agonists
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Adverse Effects of Muscarinic Agonists
Adverse Effects of Muscarinic Agonists
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Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Interaction
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Interaction
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Study Notes
- Direct-acting muscarinic agonists directly interact with muscarinic receptors.
- This interaction mimics the effects of acetylcholine (ACh), leading to a parasympathetic response.
Specific Agonists and Their Uses
- Acetylcholine and carbachol are used in cataract surgery and glaucoma treatment.
- Cevimeline and pilocarpine are used to treat Sjogren’s syndrome.
- Bethanechol is prescribed for urinary retention.
Contraindications
- These agonists are contraindicated in conditions worsened by parasympathetic effects.
- Such conditions include peptic ulcer, intestinal obstruction, recent GI surgery, asthma, bladder obstruction, epilepsy, and parkinsonism.
Adverse Effects
- Systemic absorption can occur, leading to adverse effects related to parasympathetic nervous system stimulation.
Drug Interactions
- Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors have a synergistic effect when combined with direct-acting muscarinic agonists.
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