Dipole-Dipole Forces in Chemistry

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What is responsible for the increase in boiling points down a group?

An increase in the distortion of the electronic cloud.

What is a characteristic of all the halogens in group VII-A?

They are all non-polar diatomic molecules.

What happens to the electronic cloud when a species is polarized?

It becomes distorted or disturbed.

What is true about the polarizability of iodine compared to fluorine?

<p>Iodine has much greater polarizability than fluorine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the boiling point of fluorine?

<p>-188.1°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of increased distortion of the electronic cloud?

<p>Stronger London forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the difference in physical states of fluorine and iodine at room temperature?

<p>Difference in polarizability</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correlation between the polarizability of a molecule and its boiling point?

<p>Higher polarizability, higher boiling point</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of the electronic cloud in a polarized species?

<p>It is distorted</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the trend in boiling points observed among the halogens in group VII-A?

<p>Increasing from fluorine to iodine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the physical state of iodine at room temperature?

<p>Solid</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increased polarizability on the London forces between molecules?

<p>Strengthening</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that affects the strength of London forces between molecules?

<p>Polarizability</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of the temporary poles created in a polarized species?

<p>Increased London forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correlation between the boiling points of the halogens and their molecular weights?

<p>Unrelated</p> Signup and view all the answers

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