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What is the origin of the term 'diplomacy'?
What was a key function of diplomacy as described in the content?
What documented evidence indicates the existence of ancient diplomacy?
How did the Roman Empire influence barbarian states?
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What significant change occurred in diplomacy by 1455?
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Which strategy did East Asian territories adopt in their diplomacy?
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What term is used to describe the buildings where permanent diplomatic representatives live and work?
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What aspect of diplomacy is emphasized during the visit of foreign dignitaries in ancient Constantinople?
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What significant influence on modern-day African diplomacy was caused by the Berlin Conference?
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How did the practice of slavery influence US diplomacy toward Africa?
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Which of the following values characterizes African diplomacy according to Spies?
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What is one reason for Africa's preference for multilateral diplomacy?
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What does the term 'Ubuntu' represent in the context of African diplomacy?
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What was a key objective of early African intellectuals after decolonization?
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What does the term 'Harambee' signify in African diplomatic values?
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Which of the following reflects the policy orientations of African diplomats educated in Europe?
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What primarily determines a country's foreign policy according to Realists and Neorealists?
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How do Classical Realists view the relationship between foreign policy and systemic incentives?
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Which statement reflects Neoclassical Realism's perspective on foreign policy?
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What is a key premise of Neoliberal Institutionalism regarding foreign policy?
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According to Holsti, how do international institutions influence state behavior?
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What effect do international regimes have on states operating in an anarchic system?
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What do Oye's prescripts suggest about cooperation in international relations?
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What is the primary argument of discursive constructivists regarding foreign policy decision-making?
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What is a common view among Realists about conflict in international relations?
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How does globalization affect state sovereignty according to the provided content?
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Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a limitation on a state's foreign policy agency?
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What role does the state still play in the context of globalization?
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What does the term 'discursive social order' imply in decision-making?
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What is the importance of analyzing hidden motivations in state decisions?
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Which factor is described as contributing to constraints on smaller states' foreign policy agency?
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In what way does language affect the thoughts of individuals within social structures?
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What is a significant impact of training African diplomats at European diplomatic academies?
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Which factor complicates multilateral African diplomacy between countries?
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In what way does authoritarianism affect international diplomacy in Africa?
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What is a consequence of nepotism in diplomatic positions in African states?
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How do foreign influences affect African states in the context of foreign policy?
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Which emerging powers are mentioned as competing for influence in Africa?
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What challenge do underdevelopment and poverty pose for African foreign policy?
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Why might new regimes in Africa struggle with diplomatic continuity?
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Study Notes
Diplomacy
- Originates from the Latin word "diplon," meaning "to fold twice" referring to an envoy's diploma used for travel and messaging.
- Defined as institutionalized interactions between polities, facilitated by formal or informal representatives.
- Key functions include representation, information gathering, and negotiation with other polities.
Short History of Ancient Diplomacy
- Earliest documented diplomacy in Anatolia and the Eastern Mediterranean around 1500 BCE.
- Stone tablets from Tell-el Amarna in Egypt detail correspondence on trade and peace between Pharaoh Akhenaten and other rulers.
- Roman Empire established diplomatic relations by influencing neighboring states through appointed kings.
- Constantinople hosted foreign dignitaries with grandeur to impress them and secure favorable relations.
- East Asian diplomacy used similar opulence with added gift exchanges for favorable terms.
Modern Diplomacy
- Permanent diplomatic missions began in 1455 with the duke of Milan sending a representative to Genoa.
- Diplomatic representation evolved from temporary envoys to permanent embassies.
- Colonialism significantly impacted African diplomacy, disrupting traditional norms and replacing them with European practices.
- The African diaspora, created by slavery, influenced modern US diplomacy towards Africa.
- Many African diplomats trained in Europe, skewing their priorities towards European interests.
Pan-Africanism and Multilateral Diplomacy
- African states pursue multilateral diplomacy as a collective strategy for resilience against vulnerability.
- Successful collective efforts often surpass individual state initiatives.
- Characterized by countering international marginalization, upholding cultural values, and prioritizing collective interests.
- Themes of "Harambee" (pulling together), "Ubuntu" (being human), and "Incwala" (ancestor negotiation) reflect these values.
Pan-Africanism Continuation
- Limited multilateral engagement before decolonization; intellectuals sought to institutionalize diplomacy for liberation.
- Post-colonization leaders pushed for integration under a "Union of African States."
Structural Perspectives
Classical & Neoclassical Realism
- Foreign policy shaped by a country's position in the international system and material power capabilities.
- Classical Realists view foreign policy as a rational response to clear systemic incentives.
- Neoclassical Realists acknowledge domestic influences alongside systemic factors in shaping foreign policy.
Neoliberal Institutionalism
- Emphasizes the moderating role of international institutions and norms on foreign policy choices.
- Institutions help mediate states' insecurities in an anarchic system and can enforce cooperative behavior.
- Challenges cognitive-psychological explanations, stressing the impact of language and social discourse on foreign policy.
Globalization and the Erosion of the State
- Global interdependence is transforming state sovereignty and foreign policy agency.
- International regimes and non-state actors impose constraints on state foreign policy, particularly for smaller states.
- States maintain essential roles in domestic order, legal frameworks for international business, and social welfare.
African Foreign Policy Agency in a Globalized World
- European interests maintain patronage relationships with African states, perpetuated by the training of diplomats at European institutions.
- Political divides along colonial language lines hinder cohesive African multilateral diplomacy.
- Foreign influences can lead to vulnerability and ideological conflicts in Africa.
- The legacy of authoritarianism and cronyism complicates diplomatic professionalism and stability.
- Underdevelopment and poverty often prevent the allocation of resources towards diplomatic professionalization.
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Description
This quiz explores the concepts of diplomacy and foreign policy in the context of a globalized world. It delves into historical definitions and their implications on international relations. Test your understanding of how diplomacy shapes interactions between states and the role it plays in global governance.