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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of dilution in pharmaceutical practice?
What is the primary purpose of dilution in pharmaceutical practice?
Which of the following is a correct consequence of diluting a solution to twice its original quantity?
Which of the following is a correct consequence of diluting a solution to twice its original quantity?
What happens when a solution's volume is reduced to half through evaporation?
What happens when a solution's volume is reduced to half through evaporation?
When diluting a concentrated acid, which of the following diluents would be most appropriate?
When diluting a concentrated acid, which of the following diluents would be most appropriate?
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In the relationship between strength and total quantity, what occurs as the quantity of a solution increases?
In the relationship between strength and total quantity, what occurs as the quantity of a solution increases?
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For which type of dosage forms can dilution be applied?
For which type of dosage forms can dilution be applied?
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What is an appropriate diluent for a liquid dosage form intended for a pediatric patient?
What is an appropriate diluent for a liquid dosage form intended for a pediatric patient?
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What is a key consideration when selecting a diluent for a product?
What is a key consideration when selecting a diluent for a product?
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Study Notes
Dilution and Dosage Forms
- Dilution is used to alter the dose or strength of a product.
- It is commonly applied to liquid dosage forms, such as solutions and suspensions.
- The goal of dilution is to create a product strength suitable for a specific patient, like pediatrics, elderly populations, or those with certain diseases.
- Compatibility with the original product's vehicle is crucial when choosing a diluent - consider its aqueous, alcoholic, hydroalcoholic, or other properties.
- Dilution can also be applied to solid dosage forms like powders and capsules, or semi-solid forms like ointments and creams.
- Pharmacists may encounter situations where they need to dilute concentrated substances, including acids, alcohol preparations, and potent therapeutic agents, to meet specific preparation requirements.
Relationship Between Strength and Quantity
- Dilution directly affects the strength of a mixture.
- If a mixture is diluted to twice its original quantity, its strength is halved.
- The active ingredient quantity remains constant; it's the concentration that changes.
- For instance, diluting 50mL of a 20% solution (containing 10g of active ingredient) to 100mL decreases the concentration to 10% but the active ingredient quantity remains at 10g.
- Conversely, concentrating a mixture by evaporation to half its original quantity doubles the strength.
- The active ingredient remains in the smaller volume, resulting in a higher concentration.
- For example, evaporating a 50mL solution (containing 10g of active ingredient) to 25mL increases the strength to 40%.
Inverse Proportionality
- There's an inverse relationship between the quantity of a solution or mixture of solids and its percentage or ratio strength, assuming the active ingredient amount is constant.
- As the volume of the solution increases, the strength (percentage or ratio) decreases.
- This relationship generally applies to all mixtures, with an exception for solutions that contract when mixed together.
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Description
This quiz explores the principles of dilution and dosage forms in pharmacology. It covers the importance of adjusting product strength for specific patient needs and the factors influencing diluent compatibility. Understand the relationship between strength and quantity in pharmaceutical preparations.
