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Questions and Answers
Which of Mendel's laws states that an organism with alternate forms of an allele will express the form that is dominant?
Which Mendelian law explains that parental alleles segregate during meiosis?
According to Mendel's Laws, which principle explains that alleles for different traits are independent of each other?
Which of Mendel's laws would be violated if two traits were not inherited independently?
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Which law states that each trait is defined by a pair of alleles?
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In Mendel's dihybrid cross experiment with peas, what was the phenotype ratio of the F2 generation?
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In the P generation of the dihybrid cross, what were the genotypes of the parent plants?
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What do the terms 'round' and 'yellow' describe in the context of the pea plant dihybrid cross?
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What principle does Mendel’s 3rd Law, the Principle of Independent Assortment, describe?
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If two F1 generation plants (RrYy) are crossed, what will be the genotype of the offspring with wrinkled green seeds?
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How are the offspring of the F1 generation described in terms of their seed color and shape?
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When performing a monohybrid heterozygous cross (e.g., Aa x Aa), what is the expected phenotype ratio?
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In the F1 generation of a dihybrid cross (RrYy x RrYy), which genotype represents offspring that are round and yellow?
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Study Notes
Dihybrid Crosses
- A dihybrid cross involves two different traits, each with two alleles (e.g., R and r, Y and y).
- Example: pea seeds with flower color, flower position, seed color, seed shape, pod shape, pod color, and stem length traits.
F1 Generation
- The F1 generation is created by crossing two dihybrid heterozygous lines (RrYy x RrYy).
- The resulting offspring will have a genotype of RrYy and a phenotype of all round and all yellow.
F2 Generation
- The F2 generation is not necessary in this case, as the F1 generation provides the required information.
- The F2 generation would involve a test cross of RrYy x rryy.
9:3:3:1 Ratio
- The 9:3:3:1 ratio is a result of a dihybrid cross, where four phenotypes are possible.
- The four phenotypes are: Round Yellow, Wrinkled Yellow, Round Green, and Wrinkled Green.
- The ratio of these phenotypes is 9:3:3:1, respectively.
Mono Hybrid Heterozygous Cross
- A mono hybrid heterozygous cross involves one pair of alleles (e.g., Aa x Aa).
- The genotype ratio is 1:2:1, and the phenotype ratio is 3:1.
Dihybrid Heterozygote Cross
- A dihybrid heterozygote cross involves two pairs of alleles (e.g., AaBb x AaBb).
- The genotype ratio is 1:2:2:1:4:1:2:2:1, and the phenotype ratio is 9:3:3:1.
Mendel's Laws
- The Law of Dominance: An organism with alternate forms of an allele will express the form that is dominant.
- The Law of Segregation: Each inherited trait is defined by a pair of alleles, and parental alleles segregate during meiosis.
- The Law of Independent Assortment: Alleles for different traits are not dependent on one another for their expression.
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Description
Learn about dihybrid crosses using pea seeds, including the P generation, F1 generation, and F2 generation test cross. Understand how to approach a dihybrid cross and analyze the characteristics of pea seeds.
