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Genetics and Mendelian Inheritance Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which statement is true regarding the inheritance of traits?

Only dominant alleles influence the phenotype.

Each trait is inherited independently of other traits. (correct)

All traits are inherited together.

Recessive alleles have no effect on the phenotype.

In a genetic experiment, one allele is always stronger than the other.

False

What is the role of pollen in plant reproduction?

Pollen transfers to the pistil, enabling fertilization.

The genotypic composition of an organism consists of two genes, one inherited from each _____ .

parent Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Homozygous = Having two identical alleles for a trait Heterozygous = Having two different alleles for a trait Gametes = Reproductive cells used in fertilization Phenotype = The observable characteristics of an organism Signup and view all the answers

What trait did Mendel primarily study in pea plants?

Both B and C Signup and view all the answers

Mendel's experiments were based on the understanding of genetics and heredity during his time.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment?

It explains how different traits are passed independently from one generation to the next. Signup and view all the answers

Mendel worked with ___ subspecies of garden peas.

34 Signup and view all the answers

Match the following characteristics of pea plants to their descriptions:

High number of offspring = Mendel could observe more traits in a single generation. Ability to easily control crosses = Mendel could selectively breed specific plants. Distinct features = Mendel could easily identify the traits being studied. Plentiful supply = Mendel had enough plants to conduct extensive experiments. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Plant Reproduction

Pollination:
- Self-pollination: Occurs when pollen from the anther of a flower is deposited on the stigma of the same flower.
- Cross-pollination: Transfer of pollen from the anther of a flower on one plant to the stigma of a flower on a different plant. Generally produces more vigorous offspring.
Fertilization
- Occurs when male and female gametes (haploid cells) meet to create a diploid zygote. This develops into an embryo encased within a seed
Gymnosperms
- Naked seeds (not enclosed in an ovary)
Angiosperms
- Flowering plants
- Seeds are enclosed in an ovary

Plant Parts

Stamen (male):
- Anther
- Filament
Pistil (female):
- Stigma
- Style
- Ovary
Other parts:
- Receptacle
- Sepal
- Petal
- Leaf

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Description

Test your knowledge on the principles of genetics as established by Gregor Mendel. This quiz covers key concepts such as allele strength, role of pollen, and Mendel's law of independent assortment. Challenge yourself with matching terms and characteristics related to pea plants.