Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does a light field image convey about light?
What does a light field image convey about light?
- The intensity, direction, and speed of the light
- The intensity and direction of the light (correct)
- Only the intensity of the light
- Only the direction of the light
What is the purpose of the micro-lens array in a Lytro camera?
What is the purpose of the micro-lens array in a Lytro camera?
- To capture light from multiple directions (correct)
- To increase the camera's shutter speed
- To improve color accuracy
- To enhance the resolution of the image
What happens to areas beyond the depth of field in an image?
What happens to areas beyond the depth of field in an image?
- They remain in focus
- They appear sharper than the in-focus area
- They become blurry (correct)
- They blend with the foreground
Which parameters are considered during camera calibration?
Which parameters are considered during camera calibration?
How are the internal parameters of a camera useful?
How are the internal parameters of a camera useful?
What is the term for the difference of projected positions into the left and right images for a given 3D point?
What is the term for the difference of projected positions into the left and right images for a given 3D point?
In stereo vision systems with parallel cameras, which equation relates the disparity and depth derived from the image positions?
In stereo vision systems with parallel cameras, which equation relates the disparity and depth derived from the image positions?
What does the term 'epipolar geometry' relate to in stereo vision?
What does the term 'epipolar geometry' relate to in stereo vision?
What geometric concept is illustrated by the intersection between line (Cl, Cr) and the left image plane?
What geometric concept is illustrated by the intersection between line (Cl, Cr) and the left image plane?
When dealing with stereo vision, what type of search is indicated for matching points across the two images?
When dealing with stereo vision, what type of search is indicated for matching points across the two images?
What technique is used to extract 3D information from a multi-view video?
What technique is used to extract 3D information from a multi-view video?
Which 3D data acquisition method uses calibrated cameras to triangulate points between two images?
Which 3D data acquisition method uses calibrated cameras to triangulate points between two images?
What type of 3D sensor uses emitted light pulses to measure distance?
What type of 3D sensor uses emitted light pulses to measure distance?
Which type of camera is sensitive to light variation and can detect the direction of incoming light?
Which type of camera is sensitive to light variation and can detect the direction of incoming light?
What is a common disadvantage of the Stereo Setup method for 3D imaging?
What is a common disadvantage of the Stereo Setup method for 3D imaging?
Which of the following defines the primary function of the Structure from Motion technique?
Which of the following defines the primary function of the Structure from Motion technique?
What is a primary characteristic of Depth Cameras?
What is a primary characteristic of Depth Cameras?
What is the main principle of the Shape from Shading technique?
What is the main principle of the Shape from Shading technique?
What is a primary advantage of the Time of Flight (ToF) measurement technique?
What is a primary advantage of the Time of Flight (ToF) measurement technique?
What is a disadvantage of Continuous Wave Modulation in ToF measurements?
What is a disadvantage of Continuous Wave Modulation in ToF measurements?
In comparison to the Kinect, what is a significant strength of the ToF technology?
In comparison to the Kinect, what is a significant strength of the ToF technology?
What technology uses triangulation to create a 3D map?
What technology uses triangulation to create a 3D map?
Which of the following describes a characteristic of the light field cameras created in 2010?
Which of the following describes a characteristic of the light field cameras created in 2010?
How is the error in ToF technology primarily caused?
How is the error in ToF technology primarily caused?
What is the maximum depth range achieved by ToF technology?
What is the maximum depth range achieved by ToF technology?
What is one of the main differences between ToF technology and structured light systems?
What is one of the main differences between ToF technology and structured light systems?
What year did Ng publish his PhD thesis and subsequently found the Lytro company?
What year did Ng publish his PhD thesis and subsequently found the Lytro company?
Which element is NOT a characteristic of the Kinect V1 compared to ToF technology?
Which element is NOT a characteristic of the Kinect V1 compared to ToF technology?
What does the equation P’ = W.P + T represent regarding camera motion?
What does the equation P’ = W.P + T represent regarding camera motion?
Under which condition is the rotational component W best approximated?
Under which condition is the rotational component W best approximated?
In the context of camera motion, what does the normalization f = 1 imply?
In the context of camera motion, what does the normalization f = 1 imply?
What does the variable tz represent in the equations provided?
What does the variable tz represent in the equations provided?
What does the term wx in the motion equations refer to?
What does the term wx in the motion equations refer to?
How does the equation y' = (-wz.x + y + wx + ty/Z) / (wy.x - wx.y + 1 + tz/Z) transform output coordinates?
How does the equation y' = (-wz.x + y + wx + ty/Z) / (wy.x - wx.y + 1 + tz/Z) transform output coordinates?
Which of the following is a direct consequence of assuming small view angles in camera motion equations?
Which of the following is a direct consequence of assuming small view angles in camera motion equations?
In the equations for x' and y', what role does the variable Z play?
In the equations for x' and y', what role does the variable Z play?
Which of the following correctly describes the transformation equations for camera motion characteristics?
Which of the following correctly describes the transformation equations for camera motion characteristics?
What assumption limits the effects of translation according to the provided content?
What assumption limits the effects of translation according to the provided content?
What factors influence the color perception of an object?
What factors influence the color perception of an object?
Which type of light source is NOT mentioned as influencing color perception?
Which type of light source is NOT mentioned as influencing color perception?
How does the human brain contribute to color perception?
How does the human brain contribute to color perception?
What is light classified as in terms of physics?
What is light classified as in terms of physics?
Which characteristic of an object affects its color perception?
Which characteristic of an object affects its color perception?
What is NOT a component of the color perception process?
What is NOT a component of the color perception process?
Which of these does NOT contribute to color mixing?
Which of these does NOT contribute to color mixing?
What is color space used for in digital image processing?
What is color space used for in digital image processing?
What is the primary benefit of including black ink in printers?
What is the primary benefit of including black ink in printers?
Which of the following correctly describes the arrangement of color filters in digital image sensors?
Which of the following correctly describes the arrangement of color filters in digital image sensors?
Which classification approach for colors focuses on attributes like hue and saturation?
Which classification approach for colors focuses on attributes like hue and saturation?
In color models, which of the following is NOT a physical approach to classifying colors?
In color models, which of the following is NOT a physical approach to classifying colors?
Which term best describes the relationship between the RGB model and color reproduction?
Which term best describes the relationship between the RGB model and color reproduction?
Which light source produces light through a chemical reaction without generating heat?
Which light source produces light through a chemical reaction without generating heat?
What characteristic does a color's 'lightness' attribute refer to?
What characteristic does a color's 'lightness' attribute refer to?
What determines the color of the visible spectrum?
What determines the color of the visible spectrum?
Which of the following is NOT a classification method mentioned for colors?
Which of the following is NOT a classification method mentioned for colors?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of white balance in imaging technology?
Which of the following best describes the purpose of white balance in imaging technology?
Which of the following accurately describes color temperature?
Which of the following accurately describes color temperature?
Which type of light source is characterized by high pressure sodium lamps?
Which type of light source is characterized by high pressure sodium lamps?
What is a disadvantage of the RGB color model?
What is a disadvantage of the RGB color model?
Which of the following attributes describes the common definition of color?
Which of the following attributes describes the common definition of color?
What is the primary characteristic used to define illuminants?
What is the primary characteristic used to define illuminants?
What does the term 'perceptually non-linear' imply in color spaces?
What does the term 'perceptually non-linear' imply in color spaces?
Which of the following is responsible for determining brightness in the visible spectrum?
Which of the following is responsible for determining brightness in the visible spectrum?
Which of the following light sources is an example of incandescence?
Which of the following light sources is an example of incandescence?
Why is it challenging to use the RGB color model for color mixing?
Why is it challenging to use the RGB color model for color mixing?
What wavelength range can the human eye perceive?
What wavelength range can the human eye perceive?
What can be said about the range of colors represented by the RGB color model?
What can be said about the range of colors represented by the RGB color model?
What physical property of light sources is defined by their spectral power distribution?
What physical property of light sources is defined by their spectral power distribution?
What is the role of chroma in color assessment?
What is the role of chroma in color assessment?
What is one of the primary purposes of color mixing in light sources?
What is one of the primary purposes of color mixing in light sources?
During color mixing in RGB, what do the values of R, G, and B represent?
During color mixing in RGB, what do the values of R, G, and B represent?
What was discovered by color scientists in the mid-19th century regarding color perception?
What was discovered by color scientists in the mid-19th century regarding color perception?
What is measured by perceptual distance among colors according to the perceptual uniform color model?
What is measured by perceptual distance among colors according to the perceptual uniform color model?
Which formula is used when Y/Yn is less than or equal to 0.008856 in the perceptual uniform color model?
Which formula is used when Y/Yn is less than or equal to 0.008856 in the perceptual uniform color model?
What color model is utilized by the NTSC standard for commercial color TV broadcasting?
What color model is utilized by the NTSC standard for commercial color TV broadcasting?
In the perceptual distance equation, d(C1C2) = 0.008856 indicates what?
In the perceptual distance equation, d(C1C2) = 0.008856 indicates what?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between perceptual distance and measurable distance in color models?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between perceptual distance and measurable distance in color models?
Which function is applied when calculating the values of a* and b* in the color model when Y/Yn is greater than 0.008856?
Which function is applied when calculating the values of a* and b* in the color model when Y/Yn is greater than 0.008856?
In the context of color spaces, what does Euclidean distance measure?
In the context of color spaces, what does Euclidean distance measure?
What is the result of the transformations applied to the colors according to the perceptual uniform color model?
What is the result of the transformations applied to the colors according to the perceptual uniform color model?
How does the surrounding color affect the perception of the central square's brightness?
How does the surrounding color affect the perception of the central square's brightness?
Which of the following conditions can occur due to color blindness?
Which of the following conditions can occur due to color blindness?
Which classification of color blindness is characterized by a defect in the L-cone?
Which classification of color blindness is characterized by a defect in the L-cone?
What is the incidence percentage of dichromacy in males?
What is the incidence percentage of dichromacy in males?
What condition is associated with the absence of L-cones?
What condition is associated with the absence of L-cones?
Which type of color deficiency leads to an inability to perceive blue-yellow colors?
Which type of color deficiency leads to an inability to perceive blue-yellow colors?
What is the main purpose of the Ishihara test?
What is the main purpose of the Ishihara test?
Which statement best describes the phenomenon of complementary contrast?
Which statement best describes the phenomenon of complementary contrast?
Which condition represents the complete lack of cone cells?
Which condition represents the complete lack of cone cells?
How does saturation contrast affect color perception?
How does saturation contrast affect color perception?
In which color mixing method does the addition of colors result in white?
In which color mixing method does the addition of colors result in white?
What does color naming entail?
What does color naming entail?
What color perception effect occurs when a central square appears blue surrounded by green?
What color perception effect occurs when a central square appears blue surrounded by green?
Which of the following is a form of anomalous trichromacy?
Which of the following is a form of anomalous trichromacy?
What component of the YCrCb color model encodes the luminance in a video signal?
What component of the YCrCb color model encodes the luminance in a video signal?
What is the correct representation of the luminance calculation in color spaces?
What is the correct representation of the luminance calculation in color spaces?
Which matrices are used for calculating the color difference signals in the YCrCb color model?
Which matrices are used for calculating the color difference signals in the YCrCb color model?
How are the I and Q components typically encoded in a video signal compared to the Y component?
How are the I and Q components typically encoded in a video signal compared to the Y component?
In the context of the YCrCb model, what are the components Cr and Cb responsible for?
In the context of the YCrCb model, what are the components Cr and Cb responsible for?
Which factor does NOT influence the color perception of an object?
Which factor does NOT influence the color perception of an object?
What is the primary reason different types of light sources affect color perception?
What is the primary reason different types of light sources affect color perception?
What characteristic of objects determines which wavelengths of light are absorbed or reflected?
What characteristic of objects determines which wavelengths of light are absorbed or reflected?
How does the human brain contribute to color interpretation?
How does the human brain contribute to color interpretation?
Which of these elements is NOT a component of the color perception process?
Which of these elements is NOT a component of the color perception process?
What is one way color mixing differs from color perception?
What is one way color mixing differs from color perception?
Which statement best describes color spaces in digital image processing?
Which statement best describes color spaces in digital image processing?
Which statement correctly describes the CIE 1976 UCS diagram?
Which statement correctly describes the CIE 1976 UCS diagram?
What is the formula for calculating the chromaticity coordinate u'?
What is the formula for calculating the chromaticity coordinate u'?
What is meant by 'just noticeably different' (JND) in the context of color mixing?
What is meant by 'just noticeably different' (JND) in the context of color mixing?
Why are the ellipses in the 1976 chromaticity diagram plotted at ten times their actual size?
Why are the ellipses in the 1976 chromaticity diagram plotted at ten times their actual size?
Which aspect of the CIE 1976 chromaticity diagram is highlighted compared to earlier models?
Which aspect of the CIE 1976 chromaticity diagram is highlighted compared to earlier models?
What are the three colormaking attributes identified by color scientists in the 19th century?
What are the three colormaking attributes identified by color scientists in the 19th century?
Which limitation is associated with the RGB color model?
Which limitation is associated with the RGB color model?
What does the term 'perceptually non-linear' refer to in the context of color spaces?
What does the term 'perceptually non-linear' refer to in the context of color spaces?
In the RGB color model cube representation, what do the corners represent?
In the RGB color model cube representation, what do the corners represent?
Which color is NOT one of the secondary colors formed through RGB color mixing?
Which color is NOT one of the secondary colors formed through RGB color mixing?
What does hue correspond to in color classification?
What does hue correspond to in color classification?
Which of the following correctly describes a problem related to the RGB color model?
Which of the following correctly describes a problem related to the RGB color model?
Which color mixing concept illustrates how colors combine in the RGB model?
Which color mixing concept illustrates how colors combine in the RGB model?
What happens to the appearance of a central square when placed against a darker surrounding color?
What happens to the appearance of a central square when placed against a darker surrounding color?
Which type of color blindness is characterized by the absence of L-cones?
Which type of color blindness is characterized by the absence of L-cones?
What is the main visual effect of complementary colors when positioned adjacent to each other?
What is the main visual effect of complementary colors when positioned adjacent to each other?
How is color naming defined?
How is color naming defined?
Which color vision deficiency is the most common among males?
Which color vision deficiency is the most common among males?
What effect do surrounding colors have on the perception of the central square’s hue?
What effect do surrounding colors have on the perception of the central square’s hue?
Which type of color blindness affects individuals with S-cone defects?
Which type of color blindness affects individuals with S-cone defects?
What characteristic of colors does saturation contrast emphasize?
What characteristic of colors does saturation contrast emphasize?
Which vision deficiency is characterized by a defect in M-cones?
Which vision deficiency is characterized by a defect in M-cones?
What is the incidence percentage of normal vision in the population?
What is the incidence percentage of normal vision in the population?
Which contrast effect occurs when a colored area appears differently based on surrounding colors?
Which contrast effect occurs when a colored area appears differently based on surrounding colors?
What test is commonly used to identify color blindness?
What test is commonly used to identify color blindness?
What type of contrast can cause a square to appear brighter against a gray background?
What type of contrast can cause a square to appear brighter against a gray background?
What does the equation $C = rc(R) + gc(G) + bc(B)$ represent?
What does the equation $C = rc(R) + gc(G) + bc(B)$ represent?
In the CIE xyY color space, which of the following is used to represent brightness?
In the CIE xyY color space, which of the following is used to represent brightness?
What is the dominant wavelength ($ ext{λD}$) of a color that can be located at point (0.2, 0.6) on the chromaticity diagram?
What is the dominant wavelength ($ ext{λD}$) of a color that can be located at point (0.2, 0.6) on the chromaticity diagram?
What does purity (saturation) indicate in color perception?
What does purity (saturation) indicate in color perception?
How are colors determined to be complementary in the context of the chromaticity diagram?
How are colors determined to be complementary in the context of the chromaticity diagram?
In additive color mixing, which formula correctly describes the mixing of three colors?
In additive color mixing, which formula correctly describes the mixing of three colors?
What does the term 'gamut coverage' refer to in color spaces?
What does the term 'gamut coverage' refer to in color spaces?
What do Mac Adam’s ellipses represent in color perception?
What do Mac Adam’s ellipses represent in color perception?
Which variable in the equation for three-color mixing represents the contribution of the third color?
Which variable in the equation for three-color mixing represents the contribution of the third color?
Which coordinate system is primarily affected by the chromaticity coordinates x and y?
Which coordinate system is primarily affected by the chromaticity coordinates x and y?
What type of color mixing combines specific values of two colors to produce an output color?
What type of color mixing combines specific values of two colors to produce an output color?
Which of the following accurately describes the relationship of x, y, and z in the CIE xyY color space?
Which of the following accurately describes the relationship of x, y, and z in the CIE xyY color space?
What characteristic is essential when determining the purity of a color?
What characteristic is essential when determining the purity of a color?
Flashcards
Light field image
Light field image
A light field image contains information about both light intensity and the direction of the light source.
Depth of Field (DOF)
Depth of Field (DOF)
The area in a photograph that appears sharp, while areas outside that range appear blurry.
Internal camera parameters
Internal camera parameters
These parameters relate points in the 3D scene to points on the 2D image plane.
Focal Length (f)
Focal Length (f)
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Camera Calibration
Camera Calibration
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3D Processing
3D Processing
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Structure from Motion
Structure from Motion
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Structure from Stereo
Structure from Stereo
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ToF Camera
ToF Camera
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RGB-D Camera
RGB-D Camera
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Depth Camera (General)
Depth Camera (General)
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Structure from Shading
Structure from Shading
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Time of Flight
Time of Flight
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Stereo Vision
Stereo Vision
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Disparity
Disparity
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Epipolar Geometry
Epipolar Geometry
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Depth from Disparity
Depth from Disparity
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Structure from Stereo (SfS)
Structure from Stereo (SfS)
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Time of Flight (ToF) sensor
Time of Flight (ToF) sensor
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Pulsed Modulation (ToF)
Pulsed Modulation (ToF)
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Continuous Wave Modulation (ToF)
Continuous Wave Modulation (ToF)
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Structured Light (Kinect)
Structured Light (Kinect)
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Kinect sensor
Kinect sensor
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Depth range (ToF)
Depth range (ToF)
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Depth accuracy (3D sensors)
Depth accuracy (3D sensors)
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Light Field Camera
Light Field Camera
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Light Field History
Light Field History
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ToF vs. Kinect
ToF vs. Kinect
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Camera Decomposition
Camera Decomposition
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Camera Motion Equation
Camera Motion Equation
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Small Rotation Assumption
Small Rotation Assumption
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Translation Along Optical Axis
Translation Along Optical Axis
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Normalized Focal Length
Normalized Focal Length
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Projection Equations
Projection Equations
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Camera Motion Parameters (W, T)
Camera Motion Parameters (W, T)
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Small View Angle Assumption
Small View Angle Assumption
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Image Motion Calculation
Image Motion Calculation
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Image Motion Components
Image Motion Components
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Light
Light
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Color Perception
Color Perception
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What influences color perception?
What influences color perception?
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Color Mixing
Color Mixing
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Color Space
Color Space
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Image Format
Image Format
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What does the dress color debate teach us?
What does the dress color debate teach us?
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Conclusion
Conclusion
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Visible Spectrum
Visible Spectrum
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Color Temperature
Color Temperature
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What is Incandescence?
What is Incandescence?
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What is Gas Discharge?
What is Gas Discharge?
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What is Photoluminescence?
What is Photoluminescence?
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What is Color Mixing?
What is Color Mixing?
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What is a Color Space?
What is a Color Space?
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What are Image Formats?
What are Image Formats?
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How does Wavelength Affect Color?
How does Wavelength Affect Color?
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How does Amplitude Affect Brightness?
How does Amplitude Affect Brightness?
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Color Illusion
Color Illusion
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Lightness Contrast
Lightness Contrast
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Saturation Contrast
Saturation Contrast
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Hue Contrast
Hue Contrast
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Complementary Contrast
Complementary Contrast
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Color Blindness
Color Blindness
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Anomalous Trichromacy
Anomalous Trichromacy
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Dichromacy
Dichromacy
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Protanomaly
Protanomaly
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Deuteranomaly
Deuteranomaly
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Tritanomaly
Tritanomaly
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Protanopia
Protanopia
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Deuteranopia
Deuteranopia
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Tritanopia
Tritanopia
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Ishihara Test
Ishihara Test
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Perceptual Uniform Color Model
Perceptual Uniform Color Model
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Perceptual Distance
Perceptual Distance
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Measurable Distance
Measurable Distance
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YIQ Color Model
YIQ Color Model
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Color Gamut
Color Gamut
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Black Ink in Printers
Black Ink in Printers
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White Balance
White Balance
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Bayer Interpolation
Bayer Interpolation
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Color Models
Color Models
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CIE XYZ Color Space
CIE XYZ Color Space
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CIE
CIE
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Colormaking attributes
Colormaking attributes
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Hue
Hue
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Lightness
Lightness
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Chroma
Chroma
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Problems with RGB
Problems with RGB
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What is Light?
What is Light?
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Chromaticity Diagram
Chromaticity Diagram
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CIE 1976 USC Diagram
CIE 1976 USC Diagram
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YCrCb Color Model
YCrCb Color Model
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Luminance (Y)
Luminance (Y)
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Chrominance (Cr, Cb)
Chrominance (Cr, Cb)
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Why Use YCrCb?
Why Use YCrCb?
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What is it used for?
What is it used for?
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Chromaticity Coordinates
Chromaticity Coordinates
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Y: Brightness
Y: Brightness
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What is the CIE system?
What is the CIE system?
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What is Dominant Wavelength?
What is Dominant Wavelength?
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What is Purity?
What is Purity?
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What are Complementary Wavelengths?
What are Complementary Wavelengths?
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Additive Color Mixing
Additive Color Mixing
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Mac Adam's Ellipses
Mac Adam's Ellipses
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What is Hue?
What is Hue?
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What is Lightness?
What is Lightness?
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What is Chroma?
What is Chroma?
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What is RGB?
What is RGB?
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Why does RGB have problems?
Why does RGB have problems?
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What is CIE XYZ?
What is CIE XYZ?
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Study Notes
Digital Image Processing
- Course title: ImProc. Digital Image Processing
- Course website: https://moodle.eurecom.fr/course/view.php?id=415
- Instructor: [email protected]
- Date: 6 Nov. 2024
Introduction to 3D Processing
- Core areas: Computer Graphics, Signal/Image Processing, TV & Movies
- Computer Graphics involves modeling, creating, manipulating, and animating 3D objects, including realistic rendering of synthetic scenes (e.g., ray tracing, Z-buffer).
- Signal/Image Processing methods extract 3D scene information from (multi-view) videos, including structure from motion, structure from stereo, shape from shading, and structure from zooming.
- Customizing algorithms for 3D data (like compression) is also part of this area.
- TV and Movies leverage stereoscopic visualization for real or virtual scenes.
3D Data Acquisition (2.5D & 3D)
- Methods include creating 3D meshes and textures from scratch.
- Employing specific sensors (active or passive):
- Multi-view acquisitions (including stereoscopic)
- 3D scanners like Minolta or Cyberware
Depth Cameras (RGB-D)
- Includes Stereo Setup, Time of Flight, Structured light, Light Field:
- Stereo Setup (Passive system): Uses two calibrated cameras to find and match points between images for distance estimation. Less precise than other methods. Not reliable without textured surfaces.
- Time of Flight: Measures the time it takes for light pulses to travel to an object and back. High resolution and precision, but primarily an indoor technology.
- Structured Light: Projects a pattern of light onto a scene, and analyses the resulting distortion to determine depth. Fast and precise, but mostly used indoors.
- Light Field: Passive system that tracks the direction of light. Detects light variation. Works indoors and outdoors, but sensitivity to specific light variations is a factor.
What is a ToF Camera?
- Provides intensity and range data simultaneously for every pixel.
- One IR emitter and one detector.
- Estimation of distance by measuring the time taken for a light pulse to reach a target and return.
- Advantages: Direct measurement of time of flight, limited background illumination influence, and collinear emitter/detector directions.
- Disadvantages: Requires high accuracy, susceptible to light scattering, and challenges with pulse generation.
ToF Principles - Continuous Wave Modulation
- Advantages: Can use various light sources, has different modulation techniques, and provides simultaneous range and amplitude images.
- Disadvantages: Long integration time, results in low frame rate and motion blur.
Kinect
- Projects a pseudo-random IR light pattern into a scene.
- The CMOS IR camera captures the distortion of the pattern to create a 3D map.
- Different speckle sizes correspond to different distance regions.
ToF vs Kinect
- ToF:
- Outdoor/indoor capability
- Greater depth range (up to 30m extendable)
- Millimeter (mm) depth accuracy
- Higher resolution (200x200 pixels)
- Pulsed/continuous wave modulation
- Onboard FPGA for phase and intensity measurement
- Industrial market
- Higher price (3000€)
- Kinect V1:
- Indoor use
- Shorted depth range (3.5m)
- Centimeter (cm) depth accuracy
- Lower resolution (640x480 pixels)
- Triangulation method
- High computation cost (parallel processor)
- Targeting video games market
- Lower price (150€)
Light Field History
- 1991: Adelson and Bergen introduce the plenoptic function.
- 1996: Levoy and Hanrahan discuss the light field function.
- 2005: Wilburn creates gantry cameras.
- 2006: Ng's PhD thesis and Lytro company founding.
- 2010: Commercial Lytro and Raytrix light field cameras emerge.
Light Field Cameras
- Use a coded mask (transparency) and a sensor.
Comparison with Other 3D Technologies
- Summarizes comparison of Time of Flight, Stereovision, Structured Light, and Light Field techniques across various aspects like resolution, precision, performance, computation complexity, and data format.
Lytro Camera
- Light field images capture light information, including intensity and direction of light source.
- Inserts micro-lens array between the sensor and lens for light field capture.
Calibration: Internal & External Parameters
- Internal parameters: focal length, projection of the optical center in the image plane.
- External parameters: translation, rotation information and camera orientation in space.
Internal Parameters
- Understanding internal parameters allows associating a scene point with its corresponding image point.
Structure from Stereo
- Stereo vision systems generate two images of a scene from different viewpoints.
- Disparity measures the difference in projected positions of a 3D point in left and right images.
- Depth is derived from disparity, especially when the cameras are parallel.
Epipolar Geometry
- Key concept in stereo vision systems.
- Epipolar lines and points are important for effectively searching for corresponding points in image pairs.
Structure from Motion
- Decomposes relative object motion into rotational and translational components.
- Assumes small rotations, small view angles and small translation along the optical axis compared to object-camera distance.
- Computes simplified equations for calculating 2D/3D motion and depth.
2D/3D Planar Facet Equations
- Simplified 2D/3D equations for planar facets (planar surface, plane), a crucial step for efficient calculations.
(auto) Stereoscopic Visualization
- Methods for display of 3D images to human eyes (glasses or glasses-free techniques).
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Test your knowledge on Digital Image Processing and 3D Processing concepts. This quiz covers key areas such as computer graphics, image processing methods, and data acquisition techniques. Explore the fascinating world of 3D modeling and synthetic scene rendering.
