Digestive System Quiz

Connects mouth to stomach, passes food

Mixes food with acid to break it down, stores food

Digests food further and absorbs nutrients, long tube

Absorbs water, moves waste from small intestine

Stores and releases bile for fat digestion

Bile production, detoxification, nutrient storage

Produces enzymes that help digest food.

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

Inflammation of the stomach lining (mucosa).

Irritants (alcohol, drugs, NSAIDs), infections (bacteria/viruses like Salmonella, E. coli), peptic ulcers (H. pylori), and bile acid reflux.

Sores (ulcers) in the lining of the stomach, duodenum, or esophagus.

A bacteria linked to peptic ulcers - causing inflammation and ulcers in the digestive tract.

A peptic ulcer located in the stomach lining.

Abdominal pain (mild to severe), nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (dehydration), spicy food intolerance, and sometimes ulceration.

Avoiding irritating substances (alcohol, NSAIDs, spicy foods, caffeine), using antacids & anti-emetics, and antibiotics (if infection related).

Gastric gland destruction (atrophy), reduced acid production (achlorhydria), ulcer bleeding, vitamin B12 absorption issues, leading to vitamin B12 deficiency and anemia.

Combines antibiotics to eliminate a bacterium, along with antacids and proton pump inhibitors to reduce acidity.

Bacterial infection of the appendix, often due to trapped fecal matter.

Fever, abdominal pain (RLQ, McBurney's point), anorexia, nausea/vomiting, elevated WBC count.

Family history, low-fiber/high-fat diet contribute to colon/rectum cancer development.

Rectal bleeding, change in bowel shape, progressive constipation, anemia, and abdominal pain/distension.

A medical procedure used to examine the large intestine for abnormalities, including tumors.

Inflammation of the liver, often caused by viruses or toxins.

Hepatitis caused by viruses transmitted through contaminated food and water.

Hepatitis caused by a virus spread through blood and body fluids, with a 40-180 day incubation period.

Hepatitis caused by a virus that spreads through blood and body fluids; found primarily in high-risk groups and can lead to chronic liver problems.

A chronic and irreversible liver disease characterized by fibrosis and scar tissue replacing healthy liver tissue, causing nodules.

Common causes include alcoholism, bile duct disease, and chronic hepatitis.

A common cause of hospitalization where gallstones obstruct bile flow. More frequent in obese, fertile women in their 40s.

Inflammation of the gallbladder often caused by gallstones. Risk factors include obesity, rapid weight loss, middle-aged women, birth control, and high cholesterol diet.

Inflammation of the pancreas caused by pancreatic digestive enzymes attacking the organ (auto-digestion). It's a sterile chemical inflammation, often triggered by obstruction of the main pancreatic duct or chronic alcohol use.

Common causes include alcohol abuse, gallstones, and high triglyceride levels. Other causes include infections (like mumps), certain medications, and trauma.

The pancreas swells, blood vessels get damaged, and pancreatic ducts can rupture. This triggers the release of digestive enzymes, leading to autodigestion.

Severe upper abdominal pain that radiates to the back, nausea, vomiting, elevated white blood cell count, high levels of pancreatic enzymes in the blood (amylase and lipase), and elevated blood sugar levels.

Doctors often diagnose acute pancreatitis based on symptoms, blood tests showing high pancreatic enzyme levels, and imaging tests (like abdominal X-ray) that may reveal signs of pancreatic inflammation and dilation of the small bowel.

The primary treatments involve resting the digestive system (no food or drinks), providing intravenous fluids, managing pain, and addressing the underlying cause (like removing gallstones or addressing alcohol abuse).

Acute pancreatitis can be a serious condition with a mortality rate of about 20%, meaning 20% of patients may not survive.

Auto-digestion is a process where the body's own digestive enzymes attack and damage its own tissues. In the case of acute pancreatitis, pancreatic enzymes attack the pancreas itself.

The digestive system consists of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, appendix, large intestine, gallbladder, liver, and pancreas.

Peristalsis is a series of muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract.

The stomach mixes food with gastric juices (acid) to help break down food into smaller pieces. It also stores food.

The small intestine receives broken down food from the stomach, further digests it, and absorbs nutrients with the help of pancreatic enzymes, making use of its large surface area.

The large intestine absorbs water, receives waste from the small intestine, and passes waste to the rectum before it leaves the body.

The gallbladder stores bile, a liquid that helps break down fats.

The liver manufactures antibodies and bile, detoxifies the body, stores vitamins and sugars, and regulates blood sugar levels.

The pancreas produces enzymes that help digest food in the small intestine.

Inflammation of the stomach lining (mucosa).

Causes include irritants (alcohol, NSAIDs), infections (bacteria/viruses like Salmonella, E. coli), peptic ulcers (H. pylori), and bile acid reflux.

Abdominal pain (mild to severe), nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (dehydration), intolerance of spicy foods, and sometimes ulceration.

Treatment involves avoiding irritants (alcohol, NSAIDs, spicy foods, caffeine), using antacids & anti-emetics, and antibiotics (if infection related).

Complications can include gastric gland destruction (atrophy), reduced acid production (achlorhydria), ulcer bleeding, vitamin B12 absorption issues, leading to vitamin B12 deficiency and anemia.

Peptic ulcer disease refers to sores (ulcers) in the lining of the stomach, duodenum, or esophagus.

Causes include infection with H. pylori, family history, smoking, NSAIDs, stress, increased acid production, and chronic gastric inflammation.

Symptoms include abdominal pain and back pain, and bleeding (hematemesis and melena).

An inflammation of the appendix, often caused by a blockage, leading to infection.

A long-term, ongoing inflammation of the liver. It can lead to liver damage, cirrhosis, and even liver cancer.

Hepatitis C is primarily spread through blood and body fluids, often affecting high-risk groups such as drug addicts, sex workers, and dialysis patients.

Liver cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease where healthy liver tissue is replaced with scar tissue and fibrosis, creating nodules.

Liver cirrhosis can be caused by alcoholism, bile duct disease, and chronic hepatitis.

Gallstones are more prevalent in individuals who are 'fat, fertile, forty, and female!'

Cholecystitis is the inflammation of the gallbladder, often triggered by gallstones.

Severe upper abdominal pain radiating to the back, nausea, vomiting, high WBC, high pancreatic enzyme levels in blood, and elevated blood sugar.

Focuses on resting the digestive system (NPO), IV fluids, pain relief, and addressing the underlying cause (like removing gallstones).

Acute pancreatitis can be serious, with roughly 20% of patients unfortunately dying.

Based on symptoms, blood tests showing high pancreatic enzyme levels, and imaging tests (like abdominal X-ray) for inflammation.

The pancreas swells, blood vessels are damaged, and ducts can rupture, leading to digestive enzyme release and self-destruction.