36 Questions
What is the function of the myenteric plexus in the muscularis?
To control contractions
What is the purpose of the hepatic portal system?
To take nutrient-rich blood from the small intestine to the liver
What is the difference between propulsion and peristalsis?
Propulsion is voluntary, while peristalsis is automatic
What is the purpose of segmentation in the small intestine?
To move food back and forth to promote more digestion and absorption
What is the function of the lingual frenulum?
To hold the tongue in place
What is the purpose of saliva containing IgA?
To make saliva antimicrobial
What is the function of the epiglottis in the pharynx?
To stop food from going into the trachea and causing choking and suffocation
What is the purpose of the upper and lower esophageal sphincters?
To separate the esophagus from the pharynx and stomach
What is the function of the medulla oblongata in the swallowing process?
To control the automatic muscular contractions of deglutition
What is the relationship between body weight and stomach size?
Body weight does not correlate to stomach size
What are the two main categories of the digestive system?
Alimentary canal and accessory organs
Which layer of the alimentary canal replenishes itself every 3-7 days?
Mucosa
What is the function of the muscularis mucosa?
Increases surface area of the stomach and small intestines
Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of the digestive system?
Pharynx
What is the primary function of the muscularis layer?
Promotes mechanical digestion
What type of muscle is found at both ends of the alimentary canal?
Skeletal muscle
What is the main function of the ileocecal sphincter?
To relax and allow chyme to enter the large intestine
How long does it typically take for chyme to leave the intestine?
3-5 hours
What is the main function of the large intestine?
To synthesize vitamins and create feces for elimination
What is the function of the appendix in the digestive system?
It is found at the start of the large intestine
What is the main function of the hepatic portal vein?
To bring digested and absorbed food to the liver
What is the role of bile in the digestive system?
To emulsify large lipids for better digestion and absorption
What is the main function of pancreatic amylase?
To convert disaccharides and polysaccharides into monosaccharides
What is the role of the Valsalva maneuver in the digestive system?
It is a voluntary contraction that helps push out feces
What is the main function of the hepatic sinusoid in the liver?
To allow hepatocytes access to the blood for processing nutrients and waste
What is the role of the parasympathetic nervous system in regulating the pancreas?
It stimulates the pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes
What is the function of the pyloric sphincter?
To control the movement of food from the stomach to the duodenum
What is the main function of parietal cells in the stomach?
To secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor
What is the purpose of the mucosal barrier in the stomach?
To protect the stomach lining from being digested by gastric juices
Which part of the small intestine is the longest?
Ileum
What is the function of villi in the small intestine?
To increase the surface area for absorption
What is the role of the ileocecal sphincter?
To control the movement of chyme from the small intestine to the large intestine
Which hormone is responsible for stopping segmentation and initiating peristalsis in the small intestine?
Motilin
What is the primary function of circular folds in the small intestine?
To slow down the movement of chyme for better absorption
Which type of cells in the stomach secrete an acidic mucus different from that secreted by goblet cells?
Mucus neck cells
What is the primary function of the small intestine?
To absorb nutrients and water
Explore the main categories of the digestive system, including the alimentary canal (Gastrointestinal Tract) and the accessory organs that assist in the breakdown of food. Learn about the structure and function of the different parts of the alimentary canal and the roles of the accessory organs.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
