Digestive System Anatomy Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the accessory organs in the digestive system?

  • Hold the alimentary canal in place
  • Promote mechanical digestion
  • Help to breakdown food (correct)
  • Increase surface area of intestines

    • Which layer of the alimentary canal contains smooth muscle that increases surface area?

  • Mucosa
  • Muscularis mucosa (correct)
  • Serosa
  • Submucosa

    • How often does the epithelium lining of the alimentary canal replenish itself?

  • Every year
  • Every week
  • Every 3-7 days (correct)
  • Every month

    • Which organ is responsible for releasing hormones in the digestive system?

    <p>Pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of goblet cells in the digestive system?

    <p>Keep the area moist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the stomach?

    <p>To release intrinsic factor for vitamin B12 absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cells in the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl)?

    <p>Parietal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the pyloric sphincter?

    <p>To control the flow of food from the stomach to the duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the mucosal barrier in the stomach?

    <p>To protect the stomach from being digested by gastric juices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of gastric secretion is the first and briefest?

    <p>Cephalic phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the circular folds in the small intestine?

    <p>To slow the movement of chyme to allow for better absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the villi in the small intestine?

    <p>To absorb fats through the lacteals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the hepatopancreatic sphincter?

    <p>To control the flow of bile and pancreatic juice into the duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the ileocecal sphincter?

    <p>To connect the small intestine to the large intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the microvilli in the small intestine?

    <p>To increase the surface area for absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the myenteric plexus?

    <p>To control contractions of the alimentary canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the hepatic portal system?

    <p>To take nutrient-rich blood from the small intestine to the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between propulsion and peristalsis?

    <p>Propulsion is voluntary, while peristalsis is automatic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the uvula?

    <p>To stop food from entering the nasopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary enzyme in saliva that breaks down carbohydrates?

    <p>Salivary amylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many permanent teeth do humans have?

    <p>32</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the scientific term for swallowing?

    <p>Deglutition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the epiglottis?

    <p>To stop food from going into the trachea and causing choking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of an empty stomach compared to a fist?

    <p>The size of a fist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the lingual frenulum?

    <p>To hold the tongue in place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the ileocecal sphincter?

    <p>To relax and allow chyme into the large intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does it typically take for chyme to leave the intestine?

    <p>3-5 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the large intestine?

    <p>Producing pancreatic enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the appendix located?

    <p>At the start of the large intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a part of the large intestine?

    <p>Duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the rectal valves?

    <p>To separate chyme from gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mechanical digestion in the large intestine mixes up chyme for better water absorption?

    <p>Haustral contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the hepatic artery?

    <p>To bring oxygenated blood to the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gives stool its normal color?

    <p>Bilirubin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is important for digesting carbohydrates in the small intestine?

    <p>Pancreatic amylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

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