Digestive System Overview and Stomach Structure

<p>Elimination of residues and water absorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Submucosa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Three muscular layers in different orientations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cardia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Digestion and absorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mucosa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loose connective tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parietal cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Secrete pepsinogen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Jejunum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microvilli (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brunner's glands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simple columnar cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Musculosa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Entero-endocrine cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Highly convoluted with long pits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ileum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Release insulin hormone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simple cuboidal epithelium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supplies oxygen-rich blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hexagonal mass of hepatocytes drained by a central vein (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alpha cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simple columnar cells with goblet cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Synthesis of glucose and plasma proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absorbing nutrients through microvilli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Squamous cells lining acini (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enteroendocrine cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Larger diameter and fenestrated walls (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Musculosa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bile secretion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The large intestine has no villi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Killing bacteria through lysozyme secretion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antigen presenting cells that transport antigens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Secreting digestive enzymes into the small intestine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crypts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pancreas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Villi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The tube-like passageway responsible for food processing, from mouth to anus.

Food storage and initial digestion into chyme (a thick liquid).

Cardia, fundus, body, and pyloric regions are the main parts of the stomach.

Mucosa (inner lining), submucosa (connective tissue), muscularis (muscle layer), and serosa (outer membrane).

Simple columnar epithelium forms the lining of the small intestine

The inner lining of the GIT, including the epithelium and lamina propria layers.

The smooth muscle layer within the Mucosa, involved in local movement.

The partially digested, semi-liquid mass of food in the stomach.

Glands located in the stomach fundus, responsible for producing digestive juices.

Breaking down complex food molecules into simpler ones.

Stomach cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor.

Stomach cells that secrete pepsinogen, a precursor to pepsin.

Stomach cells that release hormones like gastrin, serotonin, and histamine into the bloodstream.

The distal portion of the stomach that connects to the duodenum.

Duodenum, Jejunum, and Ileum constitute the small intestine, responsible for digestion and absorption.

Folds in the small intestine mucosa, increasing surface area for absorption.

Finger-like projections in the small intestine lining, further increasing surface area.

Mucus-secreting glands in the duodenum.

Lymphoid follicles in the ileum.

The small intestine has mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa layers.

Finger-like projections found in the small intestine, increasing surface area for nutrient absorption.

Unicellular glands found in the intestinal mucosa, secreting mucus to lubricate and protect the lining.

Specialized cells at the base of intestinal crypts, producing antimicrobial lysozymes.

Cells sampling antigens from the lumen and presenting them to immune cells in the intestinal mucosa.

Primary site for water absorption and production of mucus for lubrication, forming feces from digested food.

Three bands of longitudinal smooth muscle in the large intestine, responsible for its characteristic pouch-like shape.

Small pouches of peritoneum filled with fat, attached to the large intestine.

A mixed gland, producing digestive enzymes (exocrine) and hormones regulating blood sugar (endocrine).

Secreted by the exocrine pancreas, contains enzymes like trypsin, chymotrypsin, amylase, and lipase.

Pyramid-shaped cells that produce and secrete digestive enzymes, responsible for the exocrine function of the pancreas.

Squamous cells lining the lumen of pancreatic acini, representing the beginning of intercalated ducts.

Small ducts lined with simple squamous epithelium, connecting the acini to the larger ducts.

Pancreatic ducts lined with simple cuboidal epithelium, located between the lobules.

Larger ducts lined with simple columnar epithelium, located between the lobes of the pancreas.

The main duct that carries pancreatic juice to the duodenum, lined with columnar epithelium.

Clusters of endocrine cells in the pancreas, responsible for secreting hormones like insulin and glucagon.

The most abundant cells in the islets of Langerhans, responsible for releasing insulin.

Cells in the islets of Langerhans that release glucagon, which increases blood sugar levels.

The largest metabolic organ, essential for various functions like nutrient processing, detoxification, and bile production.