30 Questions
Which drug is contraindicated in active liver disease and in pregnancy and lactation?
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Which drug should be taken at bedtime with a low-fat snack and used with caution in patients predisposed to gout?
Niacin (Niaspan, Niacor)
Which drug inhibits the absorption of cholesterol at the brush border of the small intestine?
Ezetimibe (Zetia)
Which drug inhibits the histamine at H2 receptors on gastric parietal cells?
Famotidine (Pepcid)
Which drug should be reduced in renal impairment?
Famotidine (Pepcid)
Which drug interacts with cefuroxime, dasatinib, and risedronate?
Famotidine (Pepcid)
Which drug is contraindicated in patients with serum triglycerides concentrations >500mg/dL?
Colesevelam (Welchol)
Which drug should be used with caution in patients with a history of hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis?
Colesevelam (Welchol)
Which drug can increase fasting blood glucose and therefore requires monitoring?
Niacin (Niaspan, Niacor)
Which drug minimizes flushing when taken 30 minutes before the dose?
Niacin (Niaspan, Niacor)
What are the side effects of sulfonylurea and thiazolidinedione drugs used in diabetes treatment?
Nausea, dizziness, and headache
What is the goal A1c level for diabetes?
Less than 7%
Which drug is listed as the brand name for metformin?
Glucophage
What are the physiological effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists like Exenatide and Liraglutide?
Increasing insulin secretion and decreasing food intake
Which type of diabetes is almost fully insulin-dependent?
Type 1 diabetes
What are the counseling points provided for insulin administration?
Timing and storage instructions
For which condition are thyroid products like Levothyroxine warned against use?
Obesity or weight loss
Which testosterone products should not be given to men with prostate cancer?
Androderm and Androgel
What is the preferred contraception for breastfeeding women, as identified in the text?
Norethindrone
Which brand-generic name combination is listed for hormonal contraceptives in the text?
NuvaRing for Ethinyl estradiol-etonogestrel
Which drug should be avoided by pregnant women and can cause photosensitivity?
Dutasteride (Avodart)
Which antibiotic should be avoided in patients with penicillin allergies?
Cephalexin (Keflex)
Which antibiotic prevents bacterial DNA synthesis and should not be taken with alcohol?
Ciprofloxacin
Which medication is used to treat constipation and can cause photosensitivity?
Polyethylene glycol (Miralax)
Which antibiotic binds to the bacterial ribosome to inhibit protein synthesis?
Azithromycin (Zithromax)
Which antibiotic is believed to inadvertently cause C. diff infections?
Rifaximin (Xifaxan)
Which antibiotic should be used cautiously with certain other medications to avoid hyperkalemia?
Potassium chloride (K-Dur, Klor-Con)
Which medication is used to block serotonin and may cause constipation, diarrhea, and fatigue?
Ondansetron (Zofran)
Which antibiotic should be avoided in pregnant women, infancy, and children under 8 years old?
Doxycycline
Which drug should be stored refrigerated and discarded after 14 days?
Amoxicillin (Amoxil)
Study Notes
Digestive System and Antimicrobial Drugs Summary
- Dutasteride (Avodart) and other medications like Propecia and Proscar should not be handled by pregnant individuals and blood donation should be avoided for at least 6 months due to pregnancy warning.
- 5-alpha reductase inhibitors like Dutasteride (Avodart) and Finasteride (Propecia, Proscar), and Solifenacin (Vesicare) should be avoided by pregnant women.
- Polyethylene glycol (Miralax, Glycolax) is used to treat constipation and can cause photosensitivity.
- Aminosalicylate medications such as Mesalamine (Apriso, Lialda, Pentasa) and Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine, Sulfazine), as well as oral potassium, can cause photosensitivity.
- Oral potassium drugs like potassium chloride (K-Dur, Klor-Con) should be taken with food and a full glass of water to prevent gastric irritation and should be used cautiously with certain other medications to avoid hyperkalemia.
- Amoxicillin (Amoxil, Trimox, Moxatag) is used to treat various infections and should be stored refrigerated and discarded after 14 days.
- Macrolide antibiotics like Azithromycin (Zithromax, Zmax, Z-Pak, Tri-Pak), Clarithromycin (Biaxin), Erythromycin (Erythrocin, Ery-Tab), and Fidaxomicin (Dificid) bind to the bacterial ribosome to inhibit protein synthesis.
- Cephalosporin antibiotics such as Cephalexin (Keflex), Cefuroxime axetil (Ceftin), Cefdinir (Omnicef), and Fidaxomicin (Dificid) should be avoided in patients with penicillin allergies.
- Ondansetron (Zofran, Zuplenz) blocks serotonin and may cause constipation, diarrhea, and fatigue.
- Tetracyclines like Doxycycline, Minocycline, and Metronidazole should not be taken with alcohol, and avoidance is recommended in pregnant women, infancy, and children under 8 years old.
- Lincosamide antibiotic Clindamycin (Cleocin) and Rifamycin antibiotic Xifaxan (Rifaximin) are believed to inadvertently cause C. diff infections.
- Fluoroquinolone antibiotics like Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, and Ofloxacin prevent bacterial DNA synthesis and are used to treat various infections.
Test your knowledge of digestive system medications and antimicrobial drugs with this quiz. Learn about drug interactions, side effects, and precautions for a range of medications used to treat gastrointestinal and infectious conditions.
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