Ch 5: Absorption

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of absorption in the digestive system?

  • To break down food particles
  • To promote food digestion
  • To provide energy (correct)
  • To prevent nutrient absorption

Where does most absorption of nutrients occur in the digestive system?

  • Small intestine (correct)
  • Esophagus
  • Stomach
  • Large intestine

What is the function of villi in the small intestine?

  • To increase surface area for absorption (correct)
  • To store excess nutrients
  • To produce digestive enzymes
  • To secrete mucus

How does the epithelium in the villi contribute to the absorption process?

<p>By allowing nutrients to pass through quickly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the small intestine absorbs and transports lipids?

<p>Lacteal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of goblet cells in the small intestine?

<p>To secrete mucus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are there transverse folds in the walls of the small intestine?

<p>To increase the surface area available for absorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of blood capillaries in the villi?

<p>Transport absorbed nutrients like glucose and amino acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for the transportation of nutrients like glucose and amino acids into the bloodstream?

<p>Active absorption processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the liver play in the assimilation process?

<p>Metabolizing glucose and deaminating amino acids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does egestion primarily occur?

<p>Large intestine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to feces after being stored in the rectum?

<p>Expelled through the anus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is responsible for processing substances like alcohol and hormones during assimilation?

<p>Liver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is involved in moving nutrients like glucose and amino acids against concentration gradients?

<p>Energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do glucose and amino acids eventually reach after traveling through the blood circulatory system?

<p>Various body cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of villi in the small intestine?

<p>To provide a large surface area for absorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do transverse folds in the walls of the small intestine contribute to absorption?

<p>By increasing the surface area for absorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mitochondria in the epithelial cells of the small intestine?

<p>To provide energy for active absorption processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the epithelium lining the villi only one-cell layer thick?

<p>To speed up the absorption of nutrients (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do goblet cells in the small intestine secrete to facilitate absorption?

<p>Mucus to keep the absorptive surface moist (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the villi of the small intestine is responsible for absorbing and transporting lipids?

<p>Lacteal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the small intestine in the digestive system?

<p>Absorbing nutrients from food (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of blood capillaries in the villi?

<p>To transport absorbed nutrients like glucose and amino acids into the bloodstream (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle plays a crucial role in metabolizing glucose and deaminating amino acids during assimilation?

<p>Mitochondria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main process involved in the transportation of glucose and amino acids from the small intestine into the bloodstream through blood capillaries?

<p>Active absorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do essential nutrients like glucose and amino acids travel to after being transported through the blood circulatory system?

<p>Body cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which arteriole plays a significant role in supplying blood to the villi for nutrient absorption?

<p>Mesenteric artery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the digestive system is primarily responsible for the removal of undigested material?

<p>Large intestine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the rectum play in the process of egestion?

<p>Expelling feces through the anus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for the process by which absorbed nutrients are incorporated into the cells of the body?

<p>Assimilation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process requires energy to move nutrients against concentration gradients?

<p>Active absorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is most water and mineral salts absorbed from undigested material in the digestive system?

<p>Colon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the liver in the assimilation process?

<p>Metabolizing glucose and deaminating amino acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of villi in the small intestine?

<p>Absorbing lipids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process in the body involves incorporating absorbed nutrients into various cells for different purposes?

<p>Assimilation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to feces after being temporarily stored in the rectum?

<p>Expelled through the anus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrient is utilized for protein synthesis within various cells of the body?

<p>Amino acids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of transporting essential nutrients like glucose and amino acids into the bloodstream?

<p>Growth and maintenance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of villi in the small intestine?

<p>Increase the surface area for nutrient absorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do goblet cells contribute to the absorption process in the small intestine?

<p>Secrete mucus to keep the absorptive surface moist (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the epithelium lining the villi of the small intestine only one-cell layer thick?

<p>To allow nutrients to pass through quickly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of lacteals in the villi of the small intestine?

<p>Absorb and transport lipids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the transverse folds in the walls of the small intestine contribute to absorption?

<p>Further increase the surface area for absorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure helps provide energy for the active absorption processes in the small intestine?

<p>Mitochondria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mucus secreted by goblet cells in the small intestine?

<p>Protect and lubricate the absorptive surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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