14 Questions
Which type of cell is specialised to absorb water from the soil?
Root hair
How is a short diffusion pathway into the bloodstream ensured?
the blood vessel walls are one cell thick
What is diffusion?
movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration, down a concentration gradient
How does oxygen move into the blood from the lungs?
Diffusion
Which of the following are potential hazards when carrying out the investigation of osmosis using potatoes?
risk of cuts from broken or chipped glassware
How does glucose move from the intestine into the bloodstream?
Active transport
What does ‘semi-permeable’ mean, about a cell membrane?
only some molecules can pass through
How does carbon dioxide move from the blood into the lungs?
Diffusion
When investigating osmosis with potatoes, the change in mass is measured. What type of variable is this?
Dependent
What is osmosis?
diffusion of water, through a partially permeable membrane
Which method of transport requires energy from respiration?
Active transport
Which is not a way of increasing the effectiveness of an exchange surface?
small surface area
How does water move into the roots of a plant?
Osmosis
What is active transport?
movement of particles from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration, against a concentration gradient requiring energy
Study Notes
Specialized Cells and Transport
- Root hair cells are specialized to absorb water from the soil.
Diffusion and Osmosis
- Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until they are evenly distributed.
- Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.
Cellular Transport
- Glucose moves from the intestine into the bloodstream through facilitated diffusion.
- Oxygen moves from the lungs into the blood through diffusion.
- Carbon dioxide moves from the blood into the lungs through diffusion.
- Active transport requires energy from respiration and is used to move molecules against their concentration gradient.
Investigating Osmosis
- Potential hazards when investigating osmosis using potatoes include contamination, inaccurate measurements, and inconsistent conditions.
- The change in mass measured during an osmosis investigation is a dependent variable.
Cell Membranes
- A semi-permeable membrane allows certain molecules to pass through while restricting others.
- Increasing the effectiveness of an exchange surface can be achieved by increasing the surface area, increasing the difference in concentration, and decreasing the thickness of the exchange surface.
Test your knowledge on diffusion, osmosis, and the movement of substances across cell membranes in biology. Questions cover topics like the pathways of oxygen and glucose into the bloodstream, potential hazards in investigating osmosis with potatoes, and specialized cells for absorbing water from soil.
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