28 Questions
Which of the following is a characteristic of normal synovial fluid?
Yellow color
What is a purpose of running synovial fluid through a machine?
To measure the total leukocytes
What is the term for inflammation of the joint?
Synovitis
Which of the following can cause acute joint inflammation?
Fracture with intra-articular component
What is the term for inflammation of the tendon sheaths?
Tenocynovitis
What is the term for inflammation of the bursae?
Bursitis
Which of the following is NOT a possible generic category of causes for joint disease?
Infectious
What is the term for inflammation of the bones and synovium of the joint?
Osteoarthritis
What can cause chronic joint inflammation in race horses?
Bone fatigue
Which imaging modality is most commonly used in practice for diagnosing joint disease?
Radiography
What medication is commonly used for treating joint disease in horses?
Corticosteroids
Which imaging modality allows visualization of the cartilage in joints?
MRI
What is the purpose of performing a lameness examination in the diagnosis of joint disease?
To localize the region of pain
Which surgical option is commonly used for removing small fragments of bone in the joint?
Arthroscopy
Which medication can increase the viscosity of the synovial fluid in the joint?
Hyaluronic acid
Which imaging modality is useful for seeing the remodelling of the bone at the joint surface
Ultrasound
Which imaging modality is often used for cases that are difficult to diagnose initially?
Scintigraphy
Which imaging modality allows observation of the joint and bone/musculature?
Radiography
Which surgical option allows observation of the cartilage in joints?
Arthroscopy
What are the possible affected structures in joint inflammation?
Joints, tendon sheaths, bursae
What are the generic categories of causes for joint disease?
Developmental, degenerative, iatrogenic
What are the causes of chronic joint inflammation?
Bone fatigue, osteoarthritis
What are the factors evaluated when analyzing synovial fluid?
Colour, fluid clarity, viscosity, total leukocytes, neutrophils, total protein
What are the steps involved in the lameness examination for diagnosing joint disease?
The steps involved in the lameness examination for diagnosing joint disease include palpation, perineural anesthesia (nerve blocking), intrasynovial anesthesia (injecting local anesthetic into the joint), and performing a flexion test of the hock and stifle to aggravate lameness and observe upon trot up.
What are the imaging modalities commonly used for diagnosing joint disease?
The imaging modalities commonly used for diagnosing joint disease include radiography, ultrasound, scintigraphy, and MRI.
What are the medication options for treating joint disease?
The medication options for treating joint disease include anti-inflammatories, such as corticosteroids, and biological therapies, such as hyaluronic acid. Surgical options, such as arthroscopy, tenoscopy, and bursoscopy, may also be considered depending on the severity and cause of the disease.
What is the purpose of performing a flexion test during the lameness examination?
The purpose of performing a flexion test during the lameness examination is to aggravate lameness and observe the horse's response upon trot up, which helps in localizing the region of pain.
What can be observed through MRI that cannot be observed through other imaging modalities?
Through MRI, the cartilage can be visualized, which cannot be observed through other imaging modalities.
Test your knowledge on differentiating between sepsis and joint diseases/inflammation with this quiz. Learn how to evaluate synovial fluid samples based on color, clarity, and transparency. Enhance your understanding of joint diseases by understanding the distinct characteristics that set them apart from sepsis.
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