Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the rule of three in the context of blood cell indices?
What is the rule of three in the context of blood cell indices?
In relative polycythemia, why do RBCs appear increased?
In relative polycythemia, why do RBCs appear increased?
What does absolute count refer to in a blood cell differential count?
What does absolute count refer to in a blood cell differential count?
What is the primary function of neutrophils in the bloodstream?
What is the primary function of neutrophils in the bloodstream?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of cell is responsible for antibody production?
What type of cell is responsible for antibody production?
Signup and view all the answers
What does relative lymphocytosis indicate?
What does relative lymphocytosis indicate?
Signup and view all the answers
In absolute polycythemia, what does the 'absolute' refer to?
In absolute polycythemia, what does the 'absolute' refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of eosinophils in the bloodstream?
What is the function of eosinophils in the bloodstream?
Signup and view all the answers
'Relative count' in a blood cell differential refers to what?
'Relative count' in a blood cell differential refers to what?
Signup and view all the answers
'Absolute count' in a differential blood cell count refers to what?
'Absolute count' in a differential blood cell count refers to what?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Differential Count
- A shift to the left in the differential count indicates the presence of immature granulocytes and may be found in disorders such as leukemias and bacterial infections.
- A shift to the right refers to an increased number of hypersegmented neutrophils.
Types of Differential Count
- Three-part differential: Granulocytes, Lymphocytes, and Monocytes.
- Five-part differential: Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, and Basophils.
- The three-part differential is routinely used, but the five-part differential is performed if the WBC count is 10%, Basophil count is >2%, Monocyte count is >11%, or Lymphocyte count is > Neutrophil count, except in children.
Blood Cell Indices
- MCV (Mean Cell Volume): 80-100 fL, measures the average size of red blood cells.
- ↓ MCV (Microcytic): < 6 µm, associated with anemia of Chronic Inflammation, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, and Sideroblastic anemia.
- ↑ MCV (Macrocytic): > 8 µm, associated with Megaloblastic anemia and Vitamin deficiency.
Hematologic Procedures
- CBC (Complete Blood Count): includes RBC count, WBC count, Platelet count, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, and Differential count.
- Blood Cell Indices: MCV, MCH, and MCHC.
Blood Cell Enumeration
- Manual methods: RBC count, WBC count, and Platelet count.
- Formula: CELL RBC count / WBC count / Platelet count = DILUTION 100 / 20 / 100 * TOTAL AREA COUNTED.
RBC Count
- Normal values: 5.0-6.5 x 10^12/L for newborns, 3.6-5.6 x 10^12/L for females, and 4.2-6.0 x 10^12/L for males.
- Increased in polycythemia vera and patients who live in places at a high altitude.
- Principle: Whole blood is diluted with isotonic diluting fluid to facilitate counting and prevent the lysis of RBCs.
Hemocytometer
- Consists of two identically ruled platforms.
- The space between the top of the platform and the cover glass is 0.1 mm.
- Each of the two platforms is composed of nine large squares, measuring 1 mm wide and 1 mm long.
Macrohematocrit Method
- Time-consuming, requires a large amount of blood, and contains a higher amount of trapped plasma.
Rule of Three
- Applies to specimens that have normocytic, normochromic erythrocytes.
- RBC x 3 = Hb, Hb x 3 = Hct +/- 3.
- 1 Hct = 0.34g Hb per 100 ml of WB, and 1 Hct = 107,000 RBCs/cu.mm.
Differential Counting
- Relative count: the amount of a cell type in relation to other blood components.
- Absolute count: the actual number of each cell type without respect to other blood components.
- Relative lymphocytosis: an increase in the percentage of lymphocytes, frequently associated with neutropenia.
- Absolute lymphocytosis: a true increase in the number of lymphocytes.
- Relative polycythemia: RBCs appear increased due to a decreased plasma volume.
- Absolute polycythemia: a true increase in red cell mass.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on differential count in hematology with this quiz focusing on shifts to the left and right, presence of immature granulocytes, types of differentials (three-part vs five-part), and hypersegmented neutrophils. This quiz is based on the content from the seminar in hematology by CUA 18.
