Pathology L2
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of a description in a diagnostic context?

  • Subjective and interpretive
  • Objective and based on what is observed (correct)
  • Focused on the cause of the lesion
  • Dependent on the observer's interpretation

    • How does a morphological diagnosis (MDx) differ from a description?

  • MDx is purely objective, while a description is subjective
  • MDx is subjective and interprets the description (correct)
  • MDx describes what is observed without interpretation
  • MDx avoids making conclusions about the lesion

    • Why is a good description important in diagnostics?

  • It is valid even if the cause or interpretation is unknown (correct)
  • It provides the exact cause of the lesion
  • It eliminates the need for subjective conclusions
  • It guarantees a definitive diagnosis

    • Which of the following best describes a description?

    <p>It objectively states what is observed without interpretation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first stage in developing a morphological diagnosis?

    <p>Accurately observe what is before you</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sense shouldn’t be used during the observation stage of morphological diagnosis?

    <p>Taste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When recording a description, why is memory not recommended as the primary method?

    <p>It may result in errors or omissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not included in the features of a description?

    <p>Cause of the abnormalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List the descriptors used for describing the abnormalities (hint: use SSSCCDLN)

    <p>Size, shape, surface/margins, color, consistency, distribution, location, and number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What elements aer included in a morphological diagnosis? (Hint: PLS Don’t Die)

    <p>Pathological process, location, severity, distribution and duration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What isn’t included in an etiological diagnosis?

    <p>Distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a multifocal lesion distribution?

    <p>Numerous similar lesions of variable size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A specific region of tissue is affected

    <p>A recent embolic event</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes lesions that touch one another?

    <p>Coalescing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term transmural indicate?

    <p>Lesions extending through the wall of an organ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distribution term applies when a large portion of the tissue is affected uniformly?

    <p>Diffuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Whenever we see a symmetrical lesion, what are the four causes we need to think of?

    <p>Toxic, systemic, metabolic, nutritional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lesion is associated with vasculature involvement?

    <p>Geometric shapes such as triangles, diamonds, or circles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a raised lesion typically indicate?

    <p>Addition of inflammatory cells, blood, or neoplastic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the presence of straight lines in a lesion indicate?

    <p>Following an anatomic structure like a blood vessel, bronchiole, or nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a depressed lesion suggest?

    <p>Loss of tissue (necrosis) or tissue contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a raised lesion typically indicate?

    <p>Addition of inflammatory cells, blood, or neoplastic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which color is associated with bile pigment or eosinophils?

    <p>Green</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color is most indicative of hemorrhage?

    <p>Red</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A lesion that appears yellow could indicate the presence of which of the following?

    <p>Fibrin, bilirubin, or fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might a black lesion indicate?

    <p>Melanin, fluke pigment, or exogenous pigment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a translucent appearance in a lesion suggest?

    <p>Mucous or parasite cysts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List the following terms used to describe consistency

    <p>Solid or liquid, soft or firm, wet or dry, gritty, gelatinous, viscous, caseous, pasty, hard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ability to “spread with a knife” imply about the lesion?

    <p>the lesion is composed of necrosis and exudate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a lesion is described as “gritty”, what might this suggest?

    <p>The lesion contains mineral deposits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the consistency of a lesion being “hard” most likely indicate?

    <p>Presence of bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a lesion “can’t be spread with a knife”, what does is most likely indicate?

    <p>Viable tissues and cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a well-demarcated margin suggest about a lesion?

    <p>The lesion is clearly distinguishable from surrounding tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a poorly demarcated margin indicate about a lesion?

    <p>The lesion may be infiltrating into normal tissue; poorly contained</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some underlying processes that are circulatory?

    <p>Congestion, heamorrhage and heamodynamics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some underlying pathological processes that are degenerative?

    <p>Necrosis, apoptosis and atrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some underlying processes that are inflammatory?

    <p>Suppurative, non suppurative, granulomatous, pyogranulomatous, proliferative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some underlying pathological processes that indicate a disturbance of growth?

    <p>Congenital abnormalities, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, atrophy, hypoplasia, neoplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the features of a MDX

    <p>Pathological process = Degeneration/necrosis, Disorder of growth, deposits and pigmentations Distribution = Focal, multifocal, diffuse, transmural, unilateral/bilateral symmetrical Duration (time) = Acute, subacute, chronic Severity = Mild, moderate, severe</p> Signup and view all the answers

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