Diagnostic Tests: Cardiac Enzymes and Electrocardiogram

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of Nuclear Scans in diagnostic tests?

To evaluate the pumping action of the heart

What is the main risk associated with Cardiac Catheterization?

Infection

What is the purpose of maintaining bedrest after a Cardiac Catheterization procedure?

To prevent swelling and bruising

Which blood test is used to measure inflammation levels?

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) Signup and view all the answers

What does a Special camera detect in Nuclear Scans?

Radioactivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of injecting Contrast or Dye during Cardiac Catheterization?

To provide structural abnormalities Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure involves threading a catheter through a blood vessel to the heart?

Angiocardiogram Signup and view all the answers

What is an important nursing consideration for patients undergoing Cardiac Catheterization?

Being NPO prior to the procedure Signup and view all the answers

Why should pedal pulses be monitored after a Cardiac Catheterization procedure?

To check for hemorrhage Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Arteriograms in diagnostic tests?

To visualize arteries through x-ray study Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test uses sound waves to view the heart and blood flow?

Echocardiogram (ECHO) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of cardiac biomarkers in diagnostic tests?

To identify possible Myocardial Infarction (MI) Signup and view all the answers

What does an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) measure?

Graphic recording of electrical activity of the heartbeat Signup and view all the answers

During which diagnostic test does the patient exercise on a treadmill or stationary bicycle?

Stress test Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test provides a graphic outline of the heart using ultrasound?

Echocardiogram (ECHO) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of diagnostic tests that measure cardiac biomarkers?

Identify recent or ongoing myocardial infarction Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT typically monitored during an exercise electrocardiography stress test?

Cardiac biomarker levels Signup and view all the answers

What does an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) specifically measure?

Heart's electrical activity Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test uses high-frequency sound waves to create a visual representation of the heart?

Echocardiogram (ECHO) Signup and view all the answers

During a stress test, what is the main purpose of monitoring blood oxygen levels?

Monitor oxygen supply during exercise Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key feature of an electrocardiogram?

Records electrical activity of the heart Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of creatinine kinase in diagnostic tests?

Identifying recent myocardial infarctions Signup and view all the answers

Why are troponins I and T significant cardiac biomarkers in diagnostic tests?

Identify recent or ongoing myocardial infarction Signup and view all the answers

What role do lactic dehydrogenase enzymes play in diagnostic tests related to cardiac health?

Identify recent or ongoing myocardial infarction Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Nuclear Scan in diagnostic tests?

To detect myocardial damage Signup and view all the answers

Why is a small amount of radioactive material administered before a Nuclear Scan?

To detect myocardial damage Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test involves injecting Contrast or Dye through a catheter into a blood vessel or heart chamber?

Cardiac Catheterization Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible risk associated with Cardiac Catheterization?

Infection Signup and view all the answers

Which blood test measures serum electrolytes like K, Na, and Mg?

Complete Blood Count (CBC) Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided after a Cardiac Catheterization procedure to prevent complications?

Flexing hip or leg Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a nuclear scan in diagnostic tests related to cardiac health?

To detect myocardial damage using radioactive substances Signup and view all the answers

Why should patients be NPO (nothing by mouth) prior to an invasive Cardiac Catheterization procedure?

To minimize the risk of complications during the procedure Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of blood cultures in diagnostic blood studies?

To detect any presence of bacteria in the bloodstream Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk associated with cardiac catheterization procedures?

Facing the risk of infection or bleeding around the puncture site Signup and view all the answers

In diagnostic tests related to cardiac health, why is pressure applied to the incision after Cardiac Catheterization?

To prevent bleeding and support healing Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of diagnostic blood studies looking at a Complete Blood Count (CBC)?

To check parameters like Hemoglobin and Platelets in the blood Signup and view all the answers

Why are allergy checks for shellfish or iodine essential before Cardiac Catheterization?

To prevent adverse anaphylactic reactions during the procedure Signup and view all the answers

What do Coagulation Studies such as PT/INR and PTT primarily assess in diagnostic blood studies?

Blood clot formation time Signup and view all the answers

'Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)' is mainly used in diagnostic blood studies for what purpose?

'Inflammation' assessment in the body Signup and view all the answers

Why should patients avoid flexing their hip or leg after a Cardiac Catheterization procedure?

To reduce swelling at the femoral site Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between cardiac enzymes and cardiac biomarkers?

Cardiac enzymes are proteins released by damaged cardiac cells, while cardiac biomarkers are enzymes released into the blood. Signup and view all the answers

During an Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG), what does each beat represent?

An electrical impulse traveling through the heart Signup and view all the answers

Why are Troponins I and Troponin T significant in diagnostic tests for cardiac health?

They help identify whether a patient is having or has had a recent Myocardial Infarction Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a Stress Test in diagnostic procedures?

To monitor blood oxygen levels and heart rate Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method used by an Echocardiogram (ECHO) to view the heart and blood flow?

Using high-frequency sound waves Signup and view all the answers

What does Creatinine Kinase primarily measure in diagnostic tests related to cardiac health?

Exercise tolerance Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of Cardiac Enzymes makes them essential for diagnostic purposes?

Cardiac Enzymes are released by damaged cardiac cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an Exercise Electrocardiography stress test?

It measures the heart's electrical activity as the patient exercises. Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test involves monitoring blood oxygen level, blood pressure, and heart rate while the patient exercises?

Stress Test Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of cardiac biomarkers in diagnostic tests?

To identify recent or ongoing heart damage Signup and view all the answers

Why are troponins I and T significant in diagnostic tests for cardiac health?

To indicate heart muscle damage Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of maintaining bedrest after a Cardiac Catheterization procedure?

To prevent blood clots Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tests uses sound waves to view the heart and blood flow?

Echocardiogram Signup and view all the answers

What does Creatinine Kinase primarily measure in diagnostic tests related to cardiac health?

Muscle damage Signup and view all the answers

During an Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG), what does each beat represent?

Electrical impulse in the heart Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to monitor pedal pulses after a Cardiac Catheterization procedure?

To evaluate the blood flow and circulation in the lower extremities Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for avoiding flexing the hip or leg after a Cardiac Catheterization procedure?

To reduce the risk of blood clots Signup and view all the answers

Why is pressure applied to the incision after Cardiac Catheterization?

To prevent bleeding and encourage healing Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Stress Test in diagnostic procedures related to cardiac health?

To assess the heart's response to physical activity Signup and view all the answers

What does an Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) primarily indicate in diagnostic blood studies?

Inflammation levels Signup and view all the answers

Why should patients be NPO (nothing by mouth) prior to an invasive Cardiac Catheterization procedure?

To avoid potential aspiration during sedation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main risk associated with Cardiac Catheterization procedures?

Blood clots Signup and view all the answers

What is a common method used by an Echocardiogram (ECHO) to view the heart and blood flow?

Ultrasound imaging Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Diagnostic tests for heart conditions: Cardiac Enzymes, Electrocardiogram (ECG), Stress Tests, Echocardiogram, Nuclear Scans, Invasive Studies (Cardiac Catheterization)
Cardiac Enzymes: proteins and enzymes released into the blood by damaged cardiac cells, help identify recent Myocardial Infarction (MI), examples include Creatinine Kinase, Lactic Dehydrogenase, Troponins I and T, Myoglobin
ECG: measures the graphic recording of electrical activity of the heartbeat, each beat an electrical impulse travels through the heart
Stress Tests: measure the heart’s electrical activity during exercise, blood oxygen level, blood pressure, and heart rate monitored, patient exercises for 10-15 minutes
Echocardiogram: uses sound waves to view the heart and blood flow, provides a graphic outline of the heart, hand-held wand provides pictures of the heart’s valves and chambers, evaluating the pumping action of the heart
Nuclear Scans: uses radioactive substances to see structures and function in the body, detects Myocardial Damage, special camera detects radioactivity, small amount of radioactive material administered before test
Cardiac Catheterization: long, thin tube (catheter) inserted into an artery or vein, threaded through the blood vessel to the heart, provides structural abnormalities, risk of bleeding around the puncture, abnormal heart rhythms, blood clots, infection, allergic reaction to dye, stroke, heart attack, perforation of a blood vessel
Nursing Considerations: Allergy to Shellfish or Iodine, NPO prior to procedure, consent, routine pre-op procedures, maintain bedrest until fully awake, lie flat up to 8 hours, prevent swelling, bruising, bleeding, apply pressure to incision to prevent bleeding and promote healing, monitor vital signs, pedal pulses, check for hemorrhage
Diagnostic Blood Studies: Complete Blood Count, Coagulation Studies, Blood Cultures, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, Lipid Profile.

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Diagnostic Tests: Cardiac Enzymes and Electrocardiogram

Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of Nuclear Scans in diagnostic tests?

What is the main risk associated with Cardiac Catheterization?

What is the purpose of maintaining bedrest after a Cardiac Catheterization procedure?

Which blood test is used to measure inflammation levels?

What does a Special camera detect in Nuclear Scans?

What is the purpose of injecting Contrast or Dye during Cardiac Catheterization?

Which procedure involves threading a catheter through a blood vessel to the heart?

What is an important nursing consideration for patients undergoing Cardiac Catheterization?

Why should pedal pulses be monitored after a Cardiac Catheterization procedure?

What is the purpose of Arteriograms in diagnostic tests?

Which diagnostic test uses sound waves to view the heart and blood flow?

What is the purpose of cardiac biomarkers in diagnostic tests?

What does an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) measure?

During which diagnostic test does the patient exercise on a treadmill or stationary bicycle?

Which diagnostic test provides a graphic outline of the heart using ultrasound?

What is the primary purpose of diagnostic tests that measure cardiac biomarkers?

Which of the following is NOT typically monitored during an exercise electrocardiography stress test?

What does an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) specifically measure?

Which diagnostic test uses high-frequency sound waves to create a visual representation of the heart?

During a stress test, what is the main purpose of monitoring blood oxygen levels?

Which of the following is a key feature of an electrocardiogram?

What is the primary function of creatinine kinase in diagnostic tests?

Why are troponins I and T significant cardiac biomarkers in diagnostic tests?

What role do lactic dehydrogenase enzymes play in diagnostic tests related to cardiac health?

What is the purpose of a Nuclear Scan in diagnostic tests?

Why is a small amount of radioactive material administered before a Nuclear Scan?

Which diagnostic test involves injecting Contrast or Dye through a catheter into a blood vessel or heart chamber?

What is a possible risk associated with Cardiac Catheterization?

Which blood test measures serum electrolytes like K, Na, and Mg?

What should be avoided after a Cardiac Catheterization procedure to prevent complications?

What is the purpose of a nuclear scan in diagnostic tests related to cardiac health?

Why should patients be NPO (nothing by mouth) prior to an invasive Cardiac Catheterization procedure?

What is the primary function of blood cultures in diagnostic blood studies?

What is a significant risk associated with cardiac catheterization procedures?

In diagnostic tests related to cardiac health, why is pressure applied to the incision after Cardiac Catheterization?

What is the main purpose of diagnostic blood studies looking at a Complete Blood Count (CBC)?

Why are allergy checks for shellfish or iodine essential before Cardiac Catheterization?

What do Coagulation Studies such as PT/INR and PTT primarily assess in diagnostic blood studies?

'Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)' is mainly used in diagnostic blood studies for what purpose?

Why should patients avoid flexing their hip or leg after a Cardiac Catheterization procedure?

What is the primary difference between cardiac enzymes and cardiac biomarkers?

During an Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG), what does each beat represent?

Why are Troponins I and Troponin T significant in diagnostic tests for cardiac health?

What is the main function of a Stress Test in diagnostic procedures?

What is the primary method used by an Echocardiogram (ECHO) to view the heart and blood flow?

What does Creatinine Kinase primarily measure in diagnostic tests related to cardiac health?

What characteristic of Cardiac Enzymes makes them essential for diagnostic purposes?

What is the purpose of an Exercise Electrocardiography stress test?

Which diagnostic test involves monitoring blood oxygen level, blood pressure, and heart rate while the patient exercises?

What is the primary purpose of cardiac biomarkers in diagnostic tests?

Why are troponins I and T significant in diagnostic tests for cardiac health?

What is the purpose of maintaining bedrest after a Cardiac Catheterization procedure?

Which of the following tests uses sound waves to view the heart and blood flow?

What does Creatinine Kinase primarily measure in diagnostic tests related to cardiac health?

During an Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG), what does each beat represent?

Why is it important to monitor pedal pulses after a Cardiac Catheterization procedure?

What is the primary reason for avoiding flexing the hip or leg after a Cardiac Catheterization procedure?

Why is pressure applied to the incision after Cardiac Catheterization?

What is the purpose of a Stress Test in diagnostic procedures related to cardiac health?

What does an Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) primarily indicate in diagnostic blood studies?

Why should patients be NPO (nothing by mouth) prior to an invasive Cardiac Catheterization procedure?

What is the main risk associated with Cardiac Catheterization procedures?

What is a common method used by an Echocardiogram (ECHO) to view the heart and blood flow?

Study Notes

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