Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of creatine kinase (CK)?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of creatine kinase (CK)?
- Predominantly found in the liver (correct)
- Exists as CK-MM, CK-MB, CK-BB
- CK-MB levels are increased in myocardial infarction
- May exist as CK-MM, CK-MB, CK-BB
In which type of tissue is CK-MB predominantly present?
In which type of tissue is CK-MB predominantly present?
- Liver
- Cardiac muscle (correct)
- Brain
- Skeletal muscle
Which of the following statements about creatine kinase (CK) is TRUE?
Which of the following statements about creatine kinase (CK) is TRUE?
- CK levels are not indicative of any disease condition
- CK is mainly distributed as CK-MM in cardiac muscle (correct)
- CK-BB levels are increased in myocardial infarction
- CK is primarily found in the liver
Which biochemical test is specifically used to assess liver function?
Which biochemical test is specifically used to assess liver function?
Which of the following tests is used to measure tissue breakdown and abnormal enzyme release?
Which of the following tests is used to measure tissue breakdown and abnormal enzyme release?
Which test includes the assessment of serum glucose and calcium, in addition to kidney and liver function tests?
Which test includes the assessment of serum glucose and calcium, in addition to kidney and liver function tests?
Which test specifically includes measurements for total protein, albumin, and bilirubin, among others, as part of its assessment?
Which test specifically includes measurements for total protein, albumin, and bilirubin, among others, as part of its assessment?
What is the primary function of clinical biochemistry?
What is the primary function of clinical biochemistry?
Which sub-speciality of clinical biochemistry involves the study of hormones and the diagnosis of endocrine disorders?
Which sub-speciality of clinical biochemistry involves the study of hormones and the diagnosis of endocrine disorders?
In clinical biochemistry, what does 'Therapeutic Drug Monitoring' primarily involve?
In clinical biochemistry, what does 'Therapeutic Drug Monitoring' primarily involve?
Chromatography is a technique that separates components of a mixture based on their size and charge.
Chromatography is a technique that separates components of a mixture based on their size and charge.
Electrophoresis is used to separate and identify proteins, DNA, and RNA based on their size and charge.
Electrophoresis is used to separate and identify proteins, DNA, and RNA based on their size and charge.
Spectroscopy uses the interaction of sound with matter to study the properties of biological molecules.
Spectroscopy uses the interaction of sound with matter to study the properties of biological molecules.
Analytical biochemistry primarily involves the study of biochemical components found in a cell or other biological sample.
Analytical biochemistry primarily involves the study of biochemical components found in a cell or other biological sample.
Clinical biochemistry, also known as chemical pathology, is primarily concerned with the genetic analysis of bodily fluids for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
Clinical biochemistry, also known as chemical pathology, is primarily concerned with the genetic analysis of bodily fluids for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
Urinalysis involves the chemical analysis of urine only, and does not extend to the analysis of other fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and effusions.
Urinalysis involves the chemical analysis of urine only, and does not extend to the analysis of other fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and effusions.
A comprehensive metabolic panel includes the assessment of sodium, potassium, and chloride levels only.
A comprehensive metabolic panel includes the assessment of sodium, potassium, and chloride levels only.
The total protein test is not a part of liver function tests.
The total protein test is not a part of liver function tests.
Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) is not considered a marker of liver injury.
Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) is not considered a marker of liver injury.
The basic metabolic panel includes assessment of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine only.
The basic metabolic panel includes assessment of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine only.
Study Notes
- Myocardial infarction (MI) diagnosis requires 2 probable or 3 definite criteria:
- Clinical history: ischaemic chest pain lasting over 20 minutes
- Changes in ECG tracings
- Rise and fall of specific cardiac biomarkers, such as troponin, CK-MB, myoglobin, H-FABP, and BNP
- Cardiac markers are present in muscle and brain, but their distribution varies:
- Creatine kinase (CK) exists as dimers with muscle (MM) and brain (BB) subunits
- Skeletal muscle: predominantly MM, with 1% MB
- Cardiac muscle: around 80% MM, 20% MB
- Brain: predominantly BB
- CK-MB levels increase in myocardial infarction, making it a useful diagnostic marker.
- Near patient testing refers to diagnostic tests performed outside of traditional laboratory settings, often using portable equipment.
- Common clinical biochemical tests include:
- Basic metabolic panel (BMP): urea, electrolytes, and glucose
- Comprehensive metabolic panel: glucose, electrolytes, kidney function, liver function, and proteins
- Liver function tests (LFT) evaluate liver health and damage, measuring parameters such as:
- Proteins: albumin, total protein, and globulin levels
- Bilirubin: direct and indirect
- Enzymes: aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
- Clinical chemistry, also known as clinical biochemistry or medical biochemistry, is a branch of biochemistry focused on diagnosing and treating diseases using bodily fluid analysis.
- Analytical chemistry, a sub-speciality of clinical biochemistry, uses various techniques like chromatography, electrophoresis, and spectroscopy to separate, identify, and quantify biological molecules.
- Clinical biochemistry involves several categories of tests:
- Routine or general chemistry: liver and kidney function tests
- Special chemistry: advanced techniques like electrophoresis and manual testing methods
- Clinical endocrinology: studying hormones and endocrine disorders
- Toxicology: analyzing drugs of abuse and other chemicals
- Therapeutic drug monitoring: measuring medication levels for dosage optimization
- Urinalysis: diagnosing and screening for various diseases using urine analysis
- Faecal analysis: detecting gastrointestinal disorders using faecal samples.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the criteria for diagnosing myocardial infarction based on the WHO guidelines. This quiz focuses on the clinical history, ECG tracings, and serum cardiac biomarkers used in the diagnosis.
