Diabetes Types and Complications
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Questions and Answers

How should insulin be mixed?

  • Withdraw from clear (Regular)
  • Inject air into clear (Regular)
  • Withdraw from cloudy (NPH)
  • Inject air into cloudy (NPH) (correct)

Which hormone triggers the liver to convert stored glycogen into an energy source?

  • Metformin
  • Glycogen
  • Glipizide
  • Glucagon (correct)

What is the main function of Glucotrol in diabetes?

  • Promoting gluconeogenesis
  • Increasing insulin secretion
  • Lowering sugar levels (correct)
  • Preventing glycogen breakdown

When should insulin be given in relation to mealtimes?

<p>Within 30 minutes of meals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the class of medication for Metformin (Glucophage)?

<p>Biguanides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why must Glipizide be administered with food?

<p>To slow down body synthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Clear to cloudy' refers to the mixing order for which type of insulin?

<p>Intermediate-acting insulin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate action when a patient presents with muscle twitching?

<p>Hold all medications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Clear to cloudy' rule must be followed when mixing which two types of insulin?

<p>Rapid-acting and Intermediate-acting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of Sodium Glucose Co-transport inhibitors in patients with kidney issues?

<p>Prevent reabsorption of glucose by kidneys (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diabetes is associated with an autoimmune disease process?

<p>Type 1 diabetes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of insulin works the fastest and has the shortest duration of action?

<p>Lispro insulin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of insulin in the body?

<p>Regulating sugar (carbs), fat, and protein (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of insulin can be administered intravenously (IV)?

<p>Regular insulin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of penicillin with potassium on the heart?

<p>It weakens the heart (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical onset time for NPH insulin?

<p>30 minutes to 4 hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment recommendation for a patient with Type 2 diabetes?

<p>Exercise and lose weight/change diet/decrease carbs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the MOST important factor to consider when mixing different types of insulin?

<p>The order of withdrawal from the vials (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed Metformin (Glucophage). What is the primary class of medication for Metformin?

<p>Biguanide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient with bipolar disorder is prescribed Lithium. Which of the following medications should be avoided when taking Lithium?

<p>Lasix (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed Sodium Glucose Co-transport Inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors). What is the primary mechanism of action of these medications?

<p>Prevent reabsorption of glucose in the kidneys (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed Glucotrol (Glipizide). What is the primary function of Glucotrol in the management of diabetes?

<p>Increase insulin secretion from the pancreas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient with type 1 diabetes is prescribed a rapid-acting insulin. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate time to administer this insulin in relation to meals?

<p>30 minutes before the meal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed Glucagon. What is the primary function of Glucagon in the body?

<p>Increase blood glucose levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed Oral Contraceptives. How do Oral Contraceptives affect the effectiveness of antidiabetic medications?

<p>They decrease the effectiveness of antidiabetic medications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient with type 2 diabetes presents with darkening skin patches that do not lighten over time. What is the MOST likely underlying condition associated with this finding?

<p>Acanthosis nigricans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed Amitriptyline (generic). What is the MOST important patient education point regarding the administration of Amitriptyline?

<p>Do not stop abruptly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for Type 1 Diabetes requiring an insulin pump?

<p>Beta cells are not producing enough insulin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about Type 2 Diabetes with regards to insulin production?

<p>The body produces enough insulin but the cells are resistant to it (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Lispro insulin among the rapid-acting insulins?

<p>It works within 30 minutes of administration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Polydipsia, Polyuria, and Polyphagia are commonly associated with which condition?

<p>Diabetes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to check blood sugar levels before administering insulin?

<p>To avoid hypoglycemia in case blood sugar levels are already low (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes NPH (long-acting) insulin?

<p>Takes hours to work and lasts longer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does Regular insulin have that distinguishes it from other types of insulin?

<p>It can be given intravenously (IV) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom of Diabetes is linked to increased urination due to high blood sugar levels?

<p>Polyuria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Check blood sugar before insulin admin!' Why is this practice emphasized?

<p>'Reducing chances of hypoglycemia' safety measure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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