Diabetes Types and Complications

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How should insulin be mixed?

Withdraw from clear (Regular)

Inject air into clear (Regular)

Withdraw from cloudy (NPH)

Inject air into cloudy (NPH) (correct)

Which hormone triggers the liver to convert stored glycogen into an energy source?

Metformin

Glycogen

Glipizide

Glucagon (correct)

What is the main function of Glucotrol in diabetes?

Promoting gluconeogenesis

Increasing insulin secretion

Lowering sugar levels (correct)

Preventing glycogen breakdown

When should insulin be given in relation to mealtimes?

Within 30 minutes of meals Signup and view all the answers

What is the class of medication for Metformin (Glucophage)?

Biguanides Signup and view all the answers

Why must Glipizide be administered with food?

To slow down body synthesis Signup and view all the answers

'Clear to cloudy' refers to the mixing order for which type of insulin?

Intermediate-acting insulin Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate action when a patient presents with muscle twitching?

Hold all medications Signup and view all the answers

'Clear to cloudy' rule must be followed when mixing which two types of insulin?

Rapid-acting and Intermediate-acting Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of Sodium Glucose Co-transport inhibitors in patients with kidney issues?

Prevent reabsorption of glucose by kidneys Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diabetes is associated with an autoimmune disease process?

Type 1 diabetes Signup and view all the answers

Which type of insulin works the fastest and has the shortest duration of action?

Lispro insulin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of insulin in the body?

Regulating sugar (carbs), fat, and protein Signup and view all the answers

Which type of insulin can be administered intravenously (IV)?

Regular insulin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of penicillin with potassium on the heart?

It weakens the heart Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical onset time for NPH insulin?

30 minutes to 4 hours Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment recommendation for a patient with Type 2 diabetes?

Exercise and lose weight/change diet/decrease carbs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the MOST important factor to consider when mixing different types of insulin?

The order of withdrawal from the vials Signup and view all the answers

A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed Metformin (Glucophage). What is the primary class of medication for Metformin?

Biguanide Signup and view all the answers

A patient with bipolar disorder is prescribed Lithium. Which of the following medications should be avoided when taking Lithium?

Lasix Signup and view all the answers

A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed Sodium Glucose Co-transport Inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors). What is the primary mechanism of action of these medications?

Prevent reabsorption of glucose in the kidneys Signup and view all the answers

A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed Glucotrol (Glipizide). What is the primary function of Glucotrol in the management of diabetes?

Increase insulin secretion from the pancreas Signup and view all the answers

A patient with type 1 diabetes is prescribed a rapid-acting insulin. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate time to administer this insulin in relation to meals?

30 minutes before the meal Signup and view all the answers

A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed Glucagon. What is the primary function of Glucagon in the body?

Increase blood glucose levels Signup and view all the answers

A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed Oral Contraceptives. How do Oral Contraceptives affect the effectiveness of antidiabetic medications?

They decrease the effectiveness of antidiabetic medications Signup and view all the answers

A patient with type 2 diabetes presents with darkening skin patches that do not lighten over time. What is the MOST likely underlying condition associated with this finding?

Acanthosis nigricans Signup and view all the answers

A patient with type 2 diabetes is prescribed Amitriptyline (generic). What is the MOST important patient education point regarding the administration of Amitriptyline?

Do not stop abruptly Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for Type 1 Diabetes requiring an insulin pump?

Beta cells are not producing enough insulin Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about Type 2 Diabetes with regards to insulin production?

The body produces enough insulin but the cells are resistant to it Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Lispro insulin among the rapid-acting insulins?

It works within 30 minutes of administration Signup and view all the answers

Polydipsia, Polyuria, and Polyphagia are commonly associated with which condition?

Diabetes Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to check blood sugar levels before administering insulin?

To avoid hypoglycemia in case blood sugar levels are already low Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes NPH (long-acting) insulin?

Takes hours to work and lasts longer Signup and view all the answers

What effect does Regular insulin have that distinguishes it from other types of insulin?

It can be given intravenously (IV) Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom of Diabetes is linked to increased urination due to high blood sugar levels?

Polyuria Signup and view all the answers

'Check blood sugar before insulin admin!' Why is this practice emphasized?

'Reducing chances of hypoglycemia' safety measure Signup and view all the answers