Diabetes Type 2: Health Impact and Costs
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Questions and Answers

What is a major health problem in Canada?

  • Renal failure
  • Diabetes (correct)
  • Heart disease
  • Stroke

    • Elevated glucose levels primarily damage which part of the body?

  • Eyes
  • Blood vessels (correct)
  • Nervous system
  • Kidneys

    • Which of the following is a potential long-term complication of diabetes?

  • Damage to the nervous system (correct)
  • Improved vision
  • Decreased risk of infection
  • Enhanced kidney function

    • What is a common issue faced by diabetes patients regarding infections?

    <p>Infections are more common (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant reason for non-traumatic lower limb amputations?

    <p>Diabetes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common complication of diabetes?

    <p>Diabetic retinopathy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of Type 1 Diabetes?

    <p>The body's immune system destroys insulin-secreting cells. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of diabetes is most common?

    <p>Type 2 Diabetes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant risk associated with gestational diabetes?

    <p>Greater risk of developing diabetes later in life. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for Type 2 Diabetes?

    <p>Physical inactivity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the IDF Diabetes Atlas, what kind of problem is Type 2 diabetes?

    <p>A global epidemic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What organization is credited with the 2011 data on diabetes in Canada?

    <p>Canadian Diabetes Association (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which Canadian territory was the percentage of diabetes reported as 4.4%?

    <p>Nunavut (NU) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which province reported the lowest percentage of diabetes in Canada?

    <p>Alberta (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What agency is listed as the source for facts and figures related to diabetes in Canada?

    <p>Public Health Agency of Canada (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What range does the color White represent on the diabetes map?

    <p>Less than 5.0% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What year is the data from the Public Health Agency of Canada?

    <p>2011 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Diabetes type 2

    A chronic condition affecting glucose metabolism, prevalent in Canada with a 7.3% diagnosis rate in those over 12.

    Elevated glucose

    High blood sugar that can damage blood vessels and increase risks of heart disease and stroke.

    Long-term complications of diabetes

    Includes heart damage, kidney failure, eyesight problems, and nerve damage due to chronic high glucose levels.

    Infections in diabetes

    People with diabetes have a higher risk of infections, leading to complications like amputations.

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    Blindness and amputations

    Diabetes is the leading cause of blindness in adults and the major reason for nontraumatic lower limb amputations.

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    Diabetic Retinopathy

    Leading cause of blindness in adults with diabetes.

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    Cardiovascular Disease

    8 out of 10 individuals with diabetes die from cardiovascular events.

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    Diabetic Nephropathy

    Leading cause of end-stage renal disease in diabetes patients.

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    Type 1 Diabetes

    An autoimmune disease that destroys insulin-secreting cells in the pancreas.

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    Type 2 Diabetes

    Most common form of diabetes with insulin resistance and reduced insulin production.

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    Global epidemic

    A disease outbreak affecting a large population worldwide.

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    Costly disease

    Illnesses that have high economic impacts due to healthcare and loss of productivity.

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    IDF Diabetes Atlas

    A comprehensive report on diabetes prevalence and its effects globally.

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    Diabetes statistics in Canada

    Data reflecting the prevalence of diabetes across Canadian provinces.

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    Prevalence rates

    The proportion of a population found to have a condition at a specific time.

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    Canadian Diabetes Association

    An organization focused on diabetes support, research, and education in Canada.

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    Public Health Agency of Canada

    A national organization responsible for public health programs and research.

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    Study Notes

    Abnormal Blood Glucose: Diabetes Type 2

    • Diabetes is a significant health concern in Canada, with 7.3% of Canadians aged 12 or older diagnosed.
    • Elevated blood glucose damages blood vessels, increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke.
    • Long-term complications include damage to the heart, blood vessels, kidneys, eyes, and nervous system. Infections are more common in people with diabetes, and amputations may be necessary.
    • Diabetes is a leading cause of blindness in adults, as well as renal failure and nontraumatic lower limb amputations.

    Type 2 Diabetes: Global Epidemic

    • Type 2 diabetes is a costly global health problem.
    • The estimated increase for people living with type 2 diabetes is projected to be 205 million by 2035, with 46.3% of cases undiagnosed.
    • Worldwide, there are 387 million people living with diabetes.

    Cost of Diabetes in Canada

    • In 2014, the cost of diabetes care in Canada was US$612 billion.
    • The cost of diabetes in Canada (2005 dollars) is increasing. Costs were projected to be around 10-15 Billion dollars in 2010, and were over 15 Billion by 2020.

    Type 2 Diabetes Prevalence in Canada

    • Prevalence of type 2 diabetes varies across Canadian provinces and territories, with some provinces having higher percentages of the population affected. (e.g. provinces with a percentage between 5.0% and 5.5%) and other provinces having percentages greater than 6%

    Complications of Diabetes

    • Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of adult blindness.
    • Diabetic nephropathy causes end-stage renal disease.
    • Diabetic neuropathy is a leading cause of (non-traumatic) lower extremity amputations.

    Three Main Types of Diabetes

    • Gestational diabetes: occurs in some women during pregnancy due to difficulty in controlling blood sugar. Women with gestational diabetes have an increased likelihood of developing diabetes later in life.
    • Type 1 diabetes (insulin dependent): an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.
    • Type 2 diabetes (non-insulin dependent): Characterized by cells having decreased responsiveness to insulin, or decreased insulin production.

    Type 2 Diabetes: Key Characteristics

    • Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, comprising 90% of cases.
    • Typically diagnosed in adults, but rates are increasing in younger individuals.

    Basic Physiology of Blood Glucose Regulation

    • Blood glucose rises after meals, triggering the release of insulin from the pancreas.
    • Insulin promotes glucose uptake by tissues such as muscles and fat.

    Type 2 Diabetes Physiology (Insulin Resistance)

    • In Type 2 diabetes, the body's tissues do not respond effectively to insulin.
    • Insulin production may be normal or even high, but the tissues are resistant to its effects leading to persistently elevated blood glucose.
    • Exercise can bypass insulin resistance as it causes muscles to take up glucose.

    Glucose Levels in Diabetes

    • Blood glucose levels are important indicators of diabetes status, with different ranges for normal, prediabetic, and diabetic situations.

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    Related Documents

    Diabetes Type 2 PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the significant health concerns related to Type 2 Diabetes, focusing on its prevalence in Canada and globally. Understand the long-term complications, economic impact, and the urgent need for awareness and management of this chronic condition.

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