Diabetes Quiz - Causes and Characteristics
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Questions and Answers

Which medication is most likely to have contributed to the client's hyperglycemia?

  • Allopurinol
  • Prednisone (correct)
  • Phenelzine
  • Atenolol
  • What is a common characteristic of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?

  • Only seen during pregnancy
  • Insulin resistance
  • Decreased insulin secretion (correct)
  • Occurs predominantly in adults
  • Which of the following is NOT a common type of diabetes?

  • Type 1 Diabetes
  • Type 2 Diabetes
  • Hypertension-related Diabetes (correct)
  • Secondary Diabetes
  • What triggers glycogen glucose release during the fasting state?

    <p>Glucagon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the fasting state, what metabolic processes occur when glucose is unavailable?

    <p>Lipolysis and proteolysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between endogenous and exogenous insulin?

    <p>Endogenous insulin is produced by the body, while exogenous insulin is injected. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does stress or surgery affect the insulin needs of a diabetic patient?

    <p>It increases insulin resistance and may raise the insulin requirements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the hemoglobin A1C test in diabetes management?

    <p>To monitor long-term blood glucose control. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common sign or symptom of type 2 diabetes?

    <p>Frequent urination and increased thirst. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During a fasting state, the body primarily obtains energy through which process?

    <p>Gluconeogenesis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes type 1 diabetes from type 2 diabetes?

    <p>Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of administration is NOT effective for insulin?

    <p>Oral. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is intensive insulin therapy considered the preferred regimen for managing diabetes?

    <p>It helps achieve tighter blood glucose control. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?

    <p>Genetic predisposition combined with environmental factors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with the onset of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?

    <p>Weight gain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of normal beta-cell function is typically reduced before symptoms of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus appear?

    <p>80% to 90% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Type 1 Diabetes, which of the following clinical manifestations would most likely indicate the condition?

    <p>Excessive thirst and frequent urination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes the preclinical phase of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?

    <p>A long preclinical period is characterized by the presence of antibodies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of insulin in the body?

    <p>Stimulates glucose transport into cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to insulin levels after carbohydrate absorption from the gastrointestinal tract is complete?

    <p>They consistently decline toward preprandial values (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone primarily opposes the effects of insulin?

    <p>Glucagon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of insulin on glucose storage in the liver and muscle?

    <p>Stimulates glucose storage as glycogen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones is considered a counterregulatory hormone?

    <p>Glucagon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during overnight fasting with respect to insulin levels?

    <p>Insulin levels drop significantly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of insulin on fat deposition?

    <p>Enhances fat deposition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the pancreas to secrete insulin?

    <p>A rise in blood glucose levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adipokine is associated with the regulation of glucose and fat metabolism?

    <p>Leptin (C), Adiponectin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes metabolic syndrome?

    <p>Insulin resistance and abnormal fat distribution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what stage of pregnancy does gestational diabetes typically develop?

    <p>24 to 28 weeks of gestation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common cause for secondary diabetes?

    <p>Genetic predisposition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is most commonly associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Polydipsia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a typical characteristic of clinical manifestations of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Recurrent infections (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Individuals with type 2 diabetes may experience all of the following symptoms except:

    <p>Weight gain from excessive fat burning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a serious complication of untreated type 2 diabetes due to severe hyperglycemia?

    <p>Hyperosmolar coma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum fasting plasma glucose level for diagnosing diabetes mellitus?

    <p>7.0 mmol/L (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a clinical manifestation of hyperglycemia?

    <p>Bradycardia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic test is used to determine glycemic levels over the past three months?

    <p>Hemoglobin A1C test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal goal for A1C levels in diabetes management?

    <p>7.0% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is crucial before conducting a fasting plasma glucose test?

    <p>No caloric intake for at least 8 hours (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about glycated hemoglobin (A1C) is true?

    <p>It reflects glucose attached to hemoglobin over approximately 120 days. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might cause rebound hypoglycemia in patients during a meal schedule?

    <p>Skipping snacks entirely (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with hypoglycemia?

    <p>Weakness (C), Confusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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