Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary physiological role of insulin?
What is the primary physiological role of insulin?
- Promotion of gluconeogenesis
- Catabolism of proteins
- Primarily influencing carbohydrate and lipid metabolism (correct)
- Regulation of blood pressure
Which part of the pancreas is responsible for insulin secretion?
Which part of the pancreas is responsible for insulin secretion?
- Beta cells in the Islets of Langerhans (correct)
- Acinar cells
- Alfa cells
- Ductal cells
What happens to the C-peptide during the activation of proinsulin?
What happens to the C-peptide during the activation of proinsulin?
- It is converted to glucose
- It is retained in the bloodstream
- It combines with glucagon
- It is removed, leaving A and B chains (correct)
How long does insulin typically remain active in the bloodstream after secretion?
How long does insulin typically remain active in the bloodstream after secretion?
Which of the following compounds is used as an alternative index of insulin secretion?
Which of the following compounds is used as an alternative index of insulin secretion?
Which of these mechanisms contributes to diabetes-related complications?
Which of these mechanisms contributes to diabetes-related complications?
What is the composition of proinsulin?
What is the composition of proinsulin?
What effect does C-peptide have on complications of diabetes mellitus?
What effect does C-peptide have on complications of diabetes mellitus?
What is the minimum fasting plasma glucose level that indicates diabetes mellitus?
What is the minimum fasting plasma glucose level that indicates diabetes mellitus?
Which of the following accurately describes Type 1A Diabetes Mellitus?
Which of the following accurately describes Type 1A Diabetes Mellitus?
In a patient with classic symptoms of hyperglycemia, what random plasma glucose level indicates diabetes?
In a patient with classic symptoms of hyperglycemia, what random plasma glucose level indicates diabetes?
Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of Type 1A Diabetes Mellitus?
Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of Type 1A Diabetes Mellitus?
What proportion of pancreatic beta cells must be destroyed to notice a clinically detectable decrease in insulin secretion?
What proportion of pancreatic beta cells must be destroyed to notice a clinically detectable decrease in insulin secretion?
What results from decreased glucose uptake into cells in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
What results from decreased glucose uptake into cells in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
Which statement correctly distinguishes between Type 1A and Type 1B Diabetes Mellitus?
Which statement correctly distinguishes between Type 1A and Type 1B Diabetes Mellitus?
Which of the following best explains how glucagon levels change in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
Which of the following best explains how glucagon levels change in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?
What is the effect of insulin deficiency on amino acid uptake?
What is the effect of insulin deficiency on amino acid uptake?
What happens when glucose levels exceed the tubular maximum (Tm) in diabetes?
What happens when glucose levels exceed the tubular maximum (Tm) in diabetes?
What is the Tm for glucose reabsorption in the kidneys?
What is the Tm for glucose reabsorption in the kidneys?
How does insulin deficiency affect potassium levels in the body?
How does insulin deficiency affect potassium levels in the body?
What process is stimulated in adipose tissue due to insulin deficiency?
What process is stimulated in adipose tissue due to insulin deficiency?
What molecules are produced when fat is broken down in insulin deficiency?
What molecules are produced when fat is broken down in insulin deficiency?
What is a consequence of hyperglycemia in individuals with diabetes related to kidney function?
What is a consequence of hyperglycemia in individuals with diabetes related to kidney function?
What occurs when insulin levels are low in relation to fatty acids?
What occurs when insulin levels are low in relation to fatty acids?
What physical issue primarily affects peripheral neurons in diabetic neuropathies?
What physical issue primarily affects peripheral neurons in diabetic neuropathies?
Which manifesting symptom is mainly associated with sensory neuropathies in diabetes?
Which manifesting symptom is mainly associated with sensory neuropathies in diabetes?
What is a common clinical consequence of motor neuropathies in individuals with diabetes?
What is a common clinical consequence of motor neuropathies in individuals with diabetes?
How does diabetic neuropathy affect autonomic functions?
How does diabetic neuropathy affect autonomic functions?
What increases the risk of infections in diabetic patients?
What increases the risk of infections in diabetic patients?
Why are diabetic patients less likely to notice wounds on their feet?
Why are diabetic patients less likely to notice wounds on their feet?
What contributes to the rapid growth of pathogenic bacteria in diabetic patients?
What contributes to the rapid growth of pathogenic bacteria in diabetic patients?
What can impaired WBC function in diabetes lead to?
What can impaired WBC function in diabetes lead to?
What is a consequence of capillary basement membrane thickening due to chronic hyperglycemia?
What is a consequence of capillary basement membrane thickening due to chronic hyperglycemia?
How does increased capillary permeability affect oxygen delivery?
How does increased capillary permeability affect oxygen delivery?
What results from the shunting of glucose to the polyol pathway in insulin-independent tissues?
What results from the shunting of glucose to the polyol pathway in insulin-independent tissues?
What complication can arise from excessive shunting of glucose via the polyol pathway?
What complication can arise from excessive shunting of glucose via the polyol pathway?
What is a potential effect of inappropriate activation of Protein Kinase C (PKC) in chronic diabetes?
What is a potential effect of inappropriate activation of Protein Kinase C (PKC) in chronic diabetes?
What is a possible consequence of arterial smooth muscle proliferation due to chronic hyperglycemia?
What is a possible consequence of arterial smooth muscle proliferation due to chronic hyperglycemia?
How does the production of oxygen free radicals affect cells in chronic diabetes?
How does the production of oxygen free radicals affect cells in chronic diabetes?
What is one outcome of hyperglycemia promoting coagulation in diabetes?
What is one outcome of hyperglycemia promoting coagulation in diabetes?
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