Diabetes Pathophysiology
35 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a potential consequence of excess insulin therapy or oral hypoglycemic drugs?

  • Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state
  • Hypoglycemia (correct)
  • Gluconeogenesis
  • Diabetic ketoacidosis

    • What is the effect of insulin on gluconeogenesis?

  • Stimulates gluconeogenesis
  • Decreases gluconeogenesis (correct)
  • Has no effect on gluconeogenesis
  • Increases gluconeogenesis

    • What is a symptom of hypoglycemia?

  • Seizures
  • Tachycardia (correct)
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • All of the above

    • What is the treatment for hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state?

    <p>Insulin and fluid replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathogenesis of diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state linked to?

    <p>Both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Alpha cells in the Islets of Langerhans?

    <p>Secrete glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnostic criterion for a fasting plasma glucose level in diabetes diagnosis?

    <p>≥126 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated time period that HemoglobinA1C values reflect average blood glucose levels?

    <p>past 2-3 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of diabetes patients with Type 1 diabetes?

    <p>5-10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using HemoglobinA1C for diabetes diagnosis?

    <p>No need to fast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of immune-mediated Type 1 diabetes?

    <p>T-cell mediated hypersensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of Type 1 diabetes patients have an idiopathic cause?

    <p>5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the decrease in B-cell mass in the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus?

    <p>60-70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of insulin resistance in Type 2 diabetes?

    <p>It occurs 10-20 years before hyperglycemia is evident</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the symptom of hyperglycemia when plasma glucose levels exceed renal reabsorption?

    <p>Glucosuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which the body produces ketones in diabetic ketoacidosis?

    <p>Lipolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of diabetic ketoacidosis?

    <p>Polyuria, nausea, vomiting, and marked fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Beta cells in the Islets of Langerhans?

    <p>Secrete insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correlation between HemoglobinA1C values and diabetic complications?

    <p>Direct correlation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus have Type 1 diabetes?

    <p>5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for excessive thirst and hunger in diabetes?

    <p>Polyphagia and polydipsia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated percentage of diabetes patients with Type 1 diabetes?

    <p>5-10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using HemoglobinA1C for diabetes diagnosis?

    <p>No need to fast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnosis criterion for Metabolic Syndrome?

    <p>Three or more of the following</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of immune-mediated Type 1 diabetes?

    <p>Genetic predisposition and environmental trigger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cause of polyuria in diabetes?

    <p>Osmotic diuresis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time period that HemoglobinA1C values reflect average blood glucose levels?

    <p>Previous 2-3 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated prevalence of diabetes in the USA among 20-year-olds?

    <p>0.3%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a chronic complication of diabetes?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which the body produces ketones in diabetic ketoacidosis?

    <p>Ketogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of macrovascular disease in diabetes?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a criterion for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a complication of diabetic neuropathy?

    <p>Skin ulcers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of atherosclerotic disease in diabetes?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of uncontrolled diabetes?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser