Diabetes Pathophysiology

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is an initial consequence of an insulin deficit in diabetes?

  • Polyphagia
  • Hyperglycemia (correct)
  • Polydipsia
  • Polyuria

What happens when excess glucose spills into the urine in diabetes?

  • Polyuria (correct)
  • Ketoacidosis
  • Polydipsia
  • Decreased serum bicarbonate

What is the consequence of fluid loss through urine in diabetes?

  • Ketoacidosis
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Dehydration (correct)
  • Polyphagia

What causes thirst in diabetes?

<p>Polydipsia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates appetite in diabetes?

<p>Polyphagia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of a severe or prolonged insulin deficit in diabetes?

<p>Diabetic ketoacidosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes ketoacidosis in diabetes?

<p>Catabolism of fats and proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the pH of body fluids in ketoacidosis?

<p>Decreased (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is excreted in the urine in the condition known as ketonuria?

<p>Ketoacids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do some diabetic patients test their urine for?

<p>Ketoacids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the glomerular filtration rate in the kidney as dehydration develops?

<p>Decreases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of limited excretion of acids in the kidney due to dehydration?

<p>Metabolic acidosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the life-threatening potential of decompen- sated metabolic acidosis?

<p>Diabetic ketoacidosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition can ketones also accumulate in people?

<p>Starvation diets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the condition of excreting ketones in the urine?

<p>Ketonuria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the condition of excessive ketone production in the body?

<p>Ketosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the condition of breaking down stored fat for energy production?

<p>Ketolysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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