Diabetes Mellitus: Understanding the Chronic Disease

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Questions and Answers

What is the percentage of all types of diabetes mellitus that Type 1 DM accounts for?

  • 5%-10% (correct)
  • 10%-15%
  • 15%-20%
  • 20%-25%

What is the primary reason for the decrease in insulin secretion over time in Type 2 DM?

  • Lack of exercise
  • Insulin resistance (correct)
  • Higher weight
  • Viral infection

What is the typical age of onset for Type 2 DM?

  • Only in elderly people
  • Only in adults
  • More common in adults but can occur at any age (correct)
  • Only in children

What is the characteristic of the onset of symptoms in Type 1 DM?

<p>Abrupt, but may take several years to develop (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of the body that develops antibodies against insulin and/or the pancreatic β-cells that make insulin?

<p>85% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary environmental factor that contributes to the development of Type 2 DM?

<p>Higher weight (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the presence of islet cell antibodies in Type 1 DM?

<p>Often present at onset (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the population in the United States has Diabetes Mellitus?

<p>10.5% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated number of people with undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus in the United States?

<p>7.3 million (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ranking of Diabetes Mellitus as a cause of death in the United States?

<p>7th leading cause of death (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the age range most commonly affected by Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?

<p>Under 40 years of age (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of all people with Diabetes Mellitus who have Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?

<p>5%-10% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between Diabetes Mellitus and heart disease death rates?

<p>Diabetes Mellitus increases heart disease death rates by 2-4 times (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in the United States?

<p>Diabetes Mellitus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical characteristic of symptom onset in type 1 diabetes?

<p>Rapid onset of symptoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of type 1 diabetes, but not type 2 diabetes?

<p>Requires a supply of insulin from an outside source (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of not receiving insulin in a person with type 1 diabetes?

<p>Diabetes-related ketoacidosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes?

<p>Being overweight or obese (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of beta cells that no longer secrete insulin when signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia develop in type 2 diabetes?

<p>50%-80% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of type 2 diabetes, but not type 1 diabetes?

<p>Pancreas continues to produce some endogenous insulin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of people with diabetes who have type 2 diabetes?

<p>90%-95% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of insulin resistance in body tissues?

<p>Impeded entry of glucose into the cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of a marked decrease in insulin production by the pancreas?

<p>Increased insulin resistance in body tissues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of adipokines in glucose metabolism?

<p>Regulating glucose and fat metabolism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between metabolic syndrome and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes?

<p>Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of type 2 diabetes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of weight loss and regular physical activity on the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in overweight individuals with metabolic syndrome?

<p>It reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary defect in the insulin receptors that leads to insulin resistance?

<p>Insulin receptors are unresponsive or insufficient (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in individuals with a first-degree relative with the disease?

<p>10 times higher (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of Type 1 DM and Type 2 DM?

<p>Polyphagia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diabetes mellitus is often associated with visceral adiposity?

<p>Type 2 DM (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a difference in the requirement of insulin therapy between Type 1 DM and Type 2 DM?

<p>Insulin therapy is required for all Type 1 DM patients, but only for some Type 2 DM patients (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a frequent complication of both Type 1 DM and Type 2 DM?

<p>Vascular and neurologic complications (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of insulin production in Type 2 DM?

<p>Decreased insulin production over time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of nutrition therapy in both Type 1 DM and Type 2 DM?

<p>To manage blood glucose levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the body type of individuals with Type 2 DM?

<p>Often overweight or obese with visceral adiposity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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