Diabetes Mellitus Overview Quiz

An autoimmune disease where the body attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.

A disorder where the body's cells don't respond properly to insulin, and/or the pancreas can't produce enough insulin.

A factor that increases the chance of developing Type 1 Diabetes, such as viral infections, or a hereditary predisposition.

Factors include increasing age, obesity, hypertension, decreased physical activity, poor nutrition, smoking, and a genetic predisposition.

A condition where the body's cells do not respond effectively to insulin; a precursor to type 2 diabetes.

Acidic compounds produced by fat metabolism.

Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, rapid breathing, dry skin, thirst, acetone breath, and possibly coma.

Symptoms include moist pale skin, weakness, normal or shallow breathing, rapid heart rate, headache, confusion, slurred speech, blurred vision, hunger, and possible convulsions.

The concentration of glucose (sugar) in your blood; a critical measurement in managing diabetes.

Exercise can improve blood sugar control by enhancing glucose uptake by muscles and reducing insulin resistance; but can also cause Hypoglycemia and Ketoacidosis

Low blood glucose level (< 70 mg/dL)—often caused by too much insulin or not enough food.

Avoid extreme temperatures, consider neuropathy/retinopathy, avoid peak insulin times and injection sites, and ensure pre-exercise diet.

Do not exercise if blood sugar is over 240 mg/dL or below 70 mg/dL.

Loss of proteins in tissues due to increased protein breakdown.

Damage to peripheral nerves, affecting sensory, motor, and autonomic functions.

High blood sugar levels, damaging Schwann cells.

Damage to the protective covering of nerves, caused by hyperglycemia.

Eye complication caused by poor blood sugar control; thick capillaries and aneurysm formation.

Kidney damage, usually caused by high blood sugar; decreased filtration ability.

High levels of waste products in the blood, indicating kidney problems.

A treatment to filter waste products from the blood when kidneys fail..

A life-threatening complication of diabetes where the body produces too many ketones.

A surgical procedure to replace a diseased or damaged kidney with a healthy one.