Diabetes Mellitus Manifestations Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the approximate ratio of adrenaline to noradrenaline secreted by the adrenal medulla?

  • 50% adrenaline, 50% noradrenaline
  • 90% adrenaline, 10% noradrenaline (correct)
  • 10% adrenaline, 90% noradrenaline
  • 75% adrenaline, 25% noradrenaline
  • Which of the following is the principal mineralocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex?

  • Noradrenaline
  • Aldosterone (correct)
  • Cortisol
  • Adrenaline
  • Which of the following is the principal glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex?

  • Testosterone
  • Insulin
  • Cortisol (correct)
  • Aldosterone
  • What is the primary function of the adrenal medulla's catecholamine secretion?

    <p>Mobilization of energy resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key role of glucocorticoids secreted by the adrenal cortex?

    <p>Stimulation of protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the mineralocorticoid aldosterone secreted by the adrenal cortex?

    <p>Regulation of sodium and potassium balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes polyuria in diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Osmotic diuretic effect of glucose in kidney tubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is NOT secreted from the adrenal gland?

    <p>ACTH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In response to what condition is aldosterone primarily secreted?

    <p>Decreased blood volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic symptom of Cushing's syndrome?

    <p>Fat deposition in lower limbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is NOT seen in Cushing's syndrome?

    <p>Hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates insulin secretion?

    <p>Increased blood glucose level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for increasing blood glucose levels?

    <p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of insulin in regulating carbohydrate metabolism?

    <p>Lowers blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of adrenal insufficiency (glucocorticoid deficiency)?

    <p>Weight gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of the 'moon face' appearance in Cushing's syndrome?

    <p>Salt and water retention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone plays a role in the development of hirsutism (excessive hair growth) in Cushing's syndrome?

    <p>Cortisol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism behind the hyperpigmentation seen in adrenal insufficiency?

    <p>Increased secretion of ACTH and MSH due to lack of negative feedback</p> Signup and view all the answers

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