Diabetes Mellitus and Child Development Quiz

The primary cause of Diabetes Mellitus is a lack of insulin or insulin resistance.

Diabetes Insipidus leads to polyuria with low ADH and dehydration, while Diabetes Mellitus also causes polyuria but is due to high glucose levels.

The treatment plan for Type I Diabetes Mellitus primarily includes insulin therapy, along with diet and exercise.

<p>The recommended dietary approach for Type II Diabetes Mellitus is calorie restriction and smaller, frequent meals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetes Insipidus, increased urine output results in lower specific gravity; conversely, lower urine output (as seen in SIADH) results in higher specific gravity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regular insulin has an onset of 1 hour, peaks at 2 hours, and lasts for 4 hours, which helps in planning dosing schedules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The key symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus are polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type I Diabetes Mellitus treatment focuses on insulin therapy due to dependency, while Type II emphasizes dietary changes and oral medications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Preschoolers exhibit cooperative play, engage in imaginative pretend play, and develop fine motor skills.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three C's are Creative, Collective, and Competitive play.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Children transition from parallel play to cooperative play around the age of 3 to 6 years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adolescents are restricted from lifting objects over 5 lbs, driving, and engaging in activities like horseback riding or jarring amusement rides for a recovery period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>During adolescence, individuals desire to associate more with their peers and engage in social interactions, often wanting to hang out in each other's rooms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protein bulks gastric content and takes longer to digest than carbohydrates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypokalemia leads to muscle flaccidity and hyporeflexia, while hyperkalemia causes spasticity and hyperreflexia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Signs of hypercalcemia include bradycardia, lethargy, and hypoactive reflexes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypernatremia is associated with dehydration symptoms, such as hot, flushed skin and rapid heart rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Trousseau sign indicates hypocalcemia, shown by hand spasms when a BP cuff is inflated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When monitoring hyperkalemia, focus on heart-related symptoms such as bradycardia and elevated ST.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The nursing diagnosis for hyponatremia should be fluid volume excess.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Besides high potassium, low sodium (hyponatremia) may occur in DKA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>6 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lispro/Humalog, with an onset time of 15 minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Write a new expiration date and store it without refrigeration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperglycemia and dehydration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Not enough food and too much insulin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Drunk-like behavior and vasomotor collapse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucagon IM or Dextrose IV.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acute viral upper respiratory infection within the last 2 weeks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dry mucous membranes and poor skin turgor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regular insulin IV.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>HHNK or HHS (Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic State).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exercise lowers glucose levels, requiring less insulin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>12-24 hours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sugar plus starch or protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Elevate the head of the bed (HOB) to help improve ventilation and oxygenation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The normal range for oxygen saturation is 93-100; if it falls below 93, assess, give oxygen, and call the HCP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assess for fluid overload or dehydration and prepare for administering furosemide or IV fluids as appropriate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Five Deadly D's are critical levels of potassium, pH, CO2, O2, and platelets, which indicate life-threatening conditions requiring immediate intervention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A CD4 count below 200 indicates severe immunosuppression, necessitating neutropenic precautions to prevent infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A non-psychotic person has insight and recognizes their problems, while a psychotic person lacks insight and believes others are at fault.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three types of delusions are paranoid, grandiose, and somatic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hallucinations are sensory experiences with no external referent, while illusions involve misinterpretations of real sensory stimuli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first step is to acknowledge the patient's feelings by expressing empathy and understanding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The nurse's main role is to teach reality to the patient, helping them find a balance in their perceptions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individuals with functional psychosis can maintain jobs, relationships, and daily self-care despite their condition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Setting limits helps maintain the therapeutic environment by preventing discussions that reinforce their non-reality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An example of a hallucination is hearing voices that instruct the person to harm themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The four diseases are schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, major depression, and mania.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bipolar individuals experience psychotic symptoms specifically during episodes of mania, not during depressive phases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A common auditory hallucination is hearing voices that comment on or critic the person's actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Empathy and understanding should be present to help the patient feel heard and supported.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Grandiose delusions are false beliefs where an individual believes they possess extraordinary abilities or are important figures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Somatic delusions involve false beliefs about one's body, such as believing one has a serious medical condition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A tactile hallucination could involve feeling bugs crawling on one's skin when no such sensation is present.</p> Signup and view all the answers