Diabetes Medications Side Effects Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a common symptom associated with the Tenchhoff catheter?

Headache and dizziness

Fever and tenderness (correct)

Shortness of breath

Nausea and vomiting

How long does the abdominal pain typically last after using the Tenchhoff catheter?

Over a week

1-2 days

3-8 hours (correct)

Less than 1 hour

What is a key indicator that a patient with a Tenchhoff catheter may have peritonitis?

Decreased abdominal pain

Excess fluids in the abdomen (correct)

No fever present

Reduced tenderness

What is the main mechanism of action of sulfonylureas like glipizide and glyburide?

Stimulate insulin release by binding to cell receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is an important action to take if a patient with a Tenchhoff catheter experiences cloudy dialysate?

Start antibiotics immediately Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect associated with insulin pumps?

Hypokalemia Signup and view all the answers

How should clothing be managed around the access site of a Tenchhoff catheter to prevent complications?

Avoid constrictive clothing Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is specifically mentioned for the prevention of hepatic glucose production?

Metformin Signup and view all the answers

Why is administering insulin at 2-3 AM not recommended?

Leads to a rise in blood glucose levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal when managing hyperglycemia according to the text?

To prevent the production of ketones Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of hypoglycemia in a patient with diabetes mellitus receiving insulin?

Excessive insulin dose Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended immediate treatment for hypoglycemia caused by excessive insulin administration?

Increase glucose intake Signup and view all the answers

What is the best approach to manage hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state in a patient?

Administer bicarbonate Signup and view all the answers

How can the Somogyi phenomenon be effectively prevented in a patient on insulin therapy?

Using cornstarch (foot powder) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended management for metabolic acidosis in a patient with diabetes receiving insulin?

Administer lactated Ringer's solution Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT typically associated with hyperglycemia in diabetic patients?

Low blood glucose Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of nosocomial infection mentioned in the text?

Pooling of BPH Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to describe a 'burning pain' in the context provided?

Pyuria Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom associated with CAUTI as per the text?

Urgency Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential consequence of having an 'ascending infection'?

Disorientation Signup and view all the answers

Which factor mentioned in the text contributes to urinary stasis and its associated risks?

Bacterial growth in the bladder Signup and view all the answers

What is a common medication mentioned in the text for Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)?

Analgesic 3 & Phenazopyridine Signup and view all the answers

What is the best indicator for fluid baseline data monitoring in the general management of patients?

Weight gain Signup and view all the answers

Which electrolyte imbalance is associated with the risk of dysrhythmias as mentioned in the text?

Hyperkalemia Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is used as a phosphate binder in the management of patients with electrolyte imbalances?

Aluminum hydroxide Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of Epoetin (Epogen) mentioned in the text?

Stimulating red blood cell production Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the movement of solutes from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration as described in the text?

Diffusion Signup and view all the answers

In hemodialysis, what does the dialyzer primarily cleanse from the blood?

Electrolytes Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Diabetes Management

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents (OHAs) stimulate insulin production and increase insulin binding to cell receptors
Sulfonylureas (e.g., tolbutamide, glipizide, glyburide) stimulate insulin secretion and increase insulin binding to cell receptors
Biguanides (e.g., metformin) prevent hepatic glucose production and increase glucose transport into cells

Insulin Administration

Insulin pumps: external devices that deliver insulin continuously via a catheter
Insulin injection sites: rotate sites to prevent lipodystrophy and insulin resistance
Insulin dosage: adjust based on blood glucose levels and carbohydrate intake

Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Sugar)

Symptoms: trembling, anxiety, tachycardia, sweating, hunger, and dizziness
Causes: insulin overdose, skipped meals, excessive exercise, and certain medications
Treatment: administer fast-acting carbohydrates (e.g., glucose tablets, juice, or hard candies)

Hyperglycemia (High Blood Sugar)

Symptoms: polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and blurred vision
Causes: insulin deficiency, infection, and certain medications
Complications: diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperglycemic hyperosmolar non-ketotic syndrome, and hypoglycemia

Diabetic Foot Care

Prevent foot ulcers: inspect feet daily, wear well-fitting shoes, and manage calluses and corns
Manage foot infections: use antibiotics, debride wounds, and practice good wound care

Renal Failure

Causes: diabetic nephropathy, hypertension, and kidney disease
Symptoms: uremia, edema, and fatigue
Treatment: dialysis, kidney transplantation, and management of underlying conditions

Peritoneal Dialysis

Uses a catheter to filter waste from the blood
Requires frequent exchanges of dialysate solution
Complications: peritonitis, infection, and catheter malfunction

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Description

Test your knowledge on the side effects of different oral hypoglycemic agents used for diabetes management. From blurred vision to neuropathy, this quiz covers the effects of medications like tolbutamide, glipizide, and glyburide. Explore the risks associated with OHA Sulfonylureas, Biguanides like metformin, and their impact on kidney function, nerve health, and more.