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Questions and Answers
A patient with T2DM is prescribed a DPP-4 inhibitor. Which of the following mechanisms contributes to its therapeutic effect?
A patient with T2DM is prescribed a DPP-4 inhibitor. Which of the following mechanisms contributes to its therapeutic effect?
- Blocking glucagon receptors to prevent its hyperglycemic action.
- Directly stimulating insulin release from pancreatic beta cells.
- Inhibiting the degradation of GLP-1, leading to increased insulin secretion. (correct)
- Enhancing the breakdown of GLP-1 to prolong its activity.
A 62-year-old patient with T2DM is started on Sitagliptin. Which concurrent medication would raise the greatest concern for potential drug interaction requiring careful monitoring?
A 62-year-old patient with T2DM is started on Sitagliptin. Which concurrent medication would raise the greatest concern for potential drug interaction requiring careful monitoring?
- Metformin, a biguanide, to enhance insulin sensitivity.
- Warfarin, an anticoagulant, due to altered Vitamin K metabolism.
- Insulin, as the combination significantly elevates the risk of hypoglycemia. (correct)
- A thiazolidinedione, to improve peripheral insulin utilization.
How do DPP-4 inhibitors affect gastric emptying?
How do DPP-4 inhibitors affect gastric emptying?
- They increase gastric emptying. (correct)
- They significantly delay gastric emptying, reducing postprandial glucose spikes.
- They have no effect on gastric emptying.
- They decrease gastric emptying.
A patient with T2DM and a history of pancreatitis is being considered for glucose-lowering therapy. Which of the following medications would be LEAST appropriate?
A patient with T2DM and a history of pancreatitis is being considered for glucose-lowering therapy. Which of the following medications would be LEAST appropriate?
A researcher is studying the effects of Linagliptin on satiety in obese patients with T2DM. Which physiological change is most likely to mediate the increased feeling of satiety?
A researcher is studying the effects of Linagliptin on satiety in obese patients with T2DM. Which physiological change is most likely to mediate the increased feeling of satiety?
A patient taking a DPP-4 inhibitor reports frequent upper respiratory infections. What is the most appropriate course of action?
A patient taking a DPP-4 inhibitor reports frequent upper respiratory infections. What is the most appropriate course of action?
Which of the following best describes the primary mechanism by which DPP-4 inhibitors exert their hypoglycemic effect?
Which of the following best describes the primary mechanism by which DPP-4 inhibitors exert their hypoglycemic effect?
An elderly patient with T2DM and mild renal impairment is prescribed a DPP-4 inhibitor. Which DPP-4 inhibitor would be most appropriate, considering its route of elimination?
An elderly patient with T2DM and mild renal impairment is prescribed a DPP-4 inhibitor. Which DPP-4 inhibitor would be most appropriate, considering its route of elimination?
A patient with T2DM experiences a significant reduction in appetite and unintended weight loss after starting on a DPP-4 inhibitor. What is the most likely underlying mechanism?
A patient with T2DM experiences a significant reduction in appetite and unintended weight loss after starting on a DPP-4 inhibitor. What is the most likely underlying mechanism?
Which of the following is a potential advantage of DPP-4 inhibitors over sulfonylureas in the management of T2DM?
Which of the following is a potential advantage of DPP-4 inhibitors over sulfonylureas in the management of T2DM?
Flashcards
DPP-4 Inhibitors Mechanism
DPP-4 Inhibitors Mechanism
Inhibit dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), preventing the breakdown of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). This increases insulin release, decreases glucagon release, increases gastric emptying, and promotes satiety.
DPP-4 Inhibitors Indications
DPP-4 Inhibitors Indications
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. These medications help improve glycemic control by enhancing the effects of GLP-1.
DPP-4 Inhibitors Contraindications
DPP-4 Inhibitors Contraindications
History of pancreatitis and hypoglycemia. Use caution in patients with these conditions due to the potential for exacerbation.
Common DPP-4 Inhibitors
Common DPP-4 Inhibitors
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Common Side Effects of DPP-4 Inhibitors
Common Side Effects of DPP-4 Inhibitors
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Study Notes
- DPP-4 inhibitors include drugs like Sixagliptin, Sitagliptin, and Linagliptin.
Mechanism of Action (MOA)
- DPP-4 inhibitors prevent the breakdown of GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1).
- This inhibition results in increased insulin release.
- It also leads to decreased glucagon release.
- Gastric emptying is increased.
- Feelings of satiety are enhanced.
Indications
- Primarily used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Contraindications
- Should not be used in patients with hypoglycemia.
- Contraindicated in patients with a history of pancreatitis.
Side Effects
- Common side effects include urinary tract infections.
- Upper respiratory infections may occur.
- Weight loss can be a side effect.
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