Diabetes Management: Somogyi Effect, Dawn Phenomenon, and Lipodystrophy
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Somogyi effect?

  • Hyperglycemia in the morning (7-8 am)
  • Hypoglycemia between 2-4am
  • Increased bedtime insulin dosage (correct)
  • Decreased bedtime insulin dosage or giving a bedtime snack
  • What is the recommended approach to managing the Dawn phenomenon?

  • Increase the bedtime dose of insulin (correct)
  • Avoid eating breakfast
  • Decrease the bedtime dose of insulin
  • Administer a glucagon injection before bed
  • What is the primary cause of Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)?

  • Insulin excess
  • Dehydration alone
  • Excessive glucagon secretion
  • Insulin deficiency (correct)
  • Which of the following is the correct approach to rotating insulin injection sites?

    <p>Use the same site for 7 days, then rotate to a new site for the next 7 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic symptom of hypoglycemia?

    <p>Hot and dry skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic symptom of hyperglycemia?

    <p>Hypoglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most appropriate injection site for long-acting insulin?

    <p>Abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about insulin detemir is true?

    <p>It is more likely to be administered in the morning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient experiencing severe dizziness, confusion, and tremors is most likely exhibiting signs of:

    <p>Hypoglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis?

    <p>Seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following insulin preparations combines a rapid-acting and an intermediate-acting insulin?

    <p>Lispro and lispro protamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what time of day is a patient most likely to experience hypoglycemia if taking long-acting insulin?

    <p>2 AM - 4 AM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommended injection site for insulin?

    <p>Calves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of insulin has the fastest onset of action?

    <p>Rapid-acting insulin analogs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)?

    <p>Rapid weight gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential symptom of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended target range for fasting blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes?

    <p>80-130 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended target for Hemoglobin A1c levels in patients with diabetes?

    <p>Less than 7%</p> Signup and view all the answers

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