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Questions and Answers
The nurse is providing information to a patient recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). The patient expresses a desire to understand the disease. Which information provided by the nurse is accurate?
The nurse is providing information to a patient recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). The patient expresses a desire to understand the disease. Which information provided by the nurse is accurate?
The nurse is evaluating the knowledge of a patient recently diagnosed with type 1 DM. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for additional information?
The nurse is evaluating the knowledge of a patient recently diagnosed with type 1 DM. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for additional information?
The nurse is assisting with nutrition teaching for a patient who voices concern over coping with a diabetic diet. Which response by the nurse about medical nutrition therapy is correct?
The nurse is assisting with nutrition teaching for a patient who voices concern over coping with a diabetic diet. Which response by the nurse about medical nutrition therapy is correct?
The nurse is providing care for a marathon runner who is recently diagnosed with DM. Which explanation regarding exercise is best for the nurse to provide?
The nurse is providing care for a marathon runner who is recently diagnosed with DM. Which explanation regarding exercise is best for the nurse to provide?
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The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a patient who is on four injections of regular insulin daily. About how many hours after each injection of insulin does the nurse teach the patient to be alert for symptoms of hypoglycemia?
The nurse is reinforcing teaching for a patient who is on four injections of regular insulin daily. About how many hours after each injection of insulin does the nurse teach the patient to be alert for symptoms of hypoglycemia?
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The nurse is providing information to a patient recently diagnosed with type 2 DM. The health care provider (HCP) prescribes an oral hypoglycemic medication for BG control. Which information is the best comparison the nurse can give the patient between insulin and an oral hypoglycemic?
The nurse is providing information to a patient recently diagnosed with type 2 DM. The health care provider (HCP) prescribes an oral hypoglycemic medication for BG control. Which information is the best comparison the nurse can give the patient between insulin and an oral hypoglycemic?
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The nurse is providing care for a patient with type 2 DM who has been treated with an oral hypoglycemic agent. The HCP prescribes for the addition of insulin. Which situation does the nurse recognize as being the least valid reason for giving this patient insulin?
The nurse is providing care for a patient with type 2 DM who has been treated with an oral hypoglycemic agent. The HCP prescribes for the addition of insulin. Which situation does the nurse recognize as being the least valid reason for giving this patient insulin?
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A patient is admitted to the hospital with hyperosmolar hyperglycemia. The patient is 40 percent overweight and has a BG value of 987 mg/dL. Which is the priority focus while planning nursing care for this patient?
A patient is admitted to the hospital with hyperosmolar hyperglycemia. The patient is 40 percent overweight and has a BG value of 987 mg/dL. Which is the priority focus while planning nursing care for this patient?
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The nurse is collecting data on a new patient in a HCP's office. Data includes the following: 65-year-old male, abdominal obesity with waist circumference of 42 inches, blood pressure 140/88 mm Hg, and fasting glucose of 120 mg/dL. Which health concerns by the HCP is least expected?
The nurse is collecting data on a new patient in a HCP's office. Data includes the following: 65-year-old male, abdominal obesity with waist circumference of 42 inches, blood pressure 140/88 mm Hg, and fasting glucose of 120 mg/dL. Which health concerns by the HCP is least expected?
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The nurse is monitoring laboratory BG levels for a patient diagnosed with type 2 DM. Which test result does the nurse use to evaluate the patient's compliance with treatment?
The nurse is monitoring laboratory BG levels for a patient diagnosed with type 2 DM. Which test result does the nurse use to evaluate the patient's compliance with treatment?
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A female patient is prescribed glyburide for control of BG. What precaution does the nurse teach the patient about this medication?
A female patient is prescribed glyburide for control of BG. What precaution does the nurse teach the patient about this medication?
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A patient with type 1 diabetes has frequent episodes of hypoglycemia, even with multiple daily BG self-monitoring throughout the day. Which method of self-monitoring does the nurse recognize as being more effective for this patient?
A patient with type 1 diabetes has frequent episodes of hypoglycemia, even with multiple daily BG self-monitoring throughout the day. Which method of self-monitoring does the nurse recognize as being more effective for this patient?
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The nurse is providing care for a patient with diabetes who experiences frequent periods of hyperglycemia. Which comment by the patient is indicative to the nurse of a major cause of this BG imbalance?
The nurse is providing care for a patient with diabetes who experiences frequent periods of hyperglycemia. Which comment by the patient is indicative to the nurse of a major cause of this BG imbalance?
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A patient being treated with rosiglitazone for type 2 DM is receiving a routine follow-up assessment. In addition to HbA1c and a fasting plasma glucose test, which other laboratory test should the nurse expect to be monitored in this patient?
A patient being treated with rosiglitazone for type 2 DM is receiving a routine follow-up assessment. In addition to HbA1c and a fasting plasma glucose test, which other laboratory test should the nurse expect to be monitored in this patient?
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The nurse is discussing the management of an older adult client recently diagnosed with type 2 DM. Which information is least helpful?
The nurse is discussing the management of an older adult client recently diagnosed with type 2 DM. Which information is least helpful?
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The nurse is researching the current information available regarding the long-term complications for patients diagnosed with diabetes. Which finding is accurate?
The nurse is researching the current information available regarding the long-term complications for patients diagnosed with diabetes. Which finding is accurate?
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The nurse is preparing a patient with type 2 DM for surgery. The patient expresses concern about the use of insulin at this time. Which reason does the nurse understand that insulin therapy is appropriate in regard to surgery?
The nurse is preparing a patient with type 2 DM for surgery. The patient expresses concern about the use of insulin at this time. Which reason does the nurse understand that insulin therapy is appropriate in regard to surgery?
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A patient with diabetes has peripheral neuropathy. What should the nurse do to prevent related complications?
A patient with diabetes has peripheral neuropathy. What should the nurse do to prevent related complications?
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The nurse is planning to review information with a patient diagnosed with diabetes. Which information does the nurse include regarding an increased risk for and treatment of infection?
The nurse is planning to review information with a patient diagnosed with diabetes. Which information does the nurse include regarding an increased risk for and treatment of infection?
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A patient with type 1 DM expresses concern about developing retinopathy due to a chronic disease. Which information does the nurse provide to give the patient the best reassurance?
A patient with type 1 DM expresses concern about developing retinopathy due to a chronic disease. Which information does the nurse provide to give the patient the best reassurance?
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The nurse is employed at a clinic for patients diagnosed with diabetes. Which patient does the nurse identify as being at greatest risk for needing dialysis?
The nurse is employed at a clinic for patients diagnosed with diabetes. Which patient does the nurse identify as being at greatest risk for needing dialysis?
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The nurse is contributing to a dietary presentation for patients in a multicultural community with diabetes. Which intervention will be least likely to meet the needs of the attendees?
The nurse is contributing to a dietary presentation for patients in a multicultural community with diabetes. Which intervention will be least likely to meet the needs of the attendees?
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The nurse is providing teaching to a patient with reactive hypoglycemia. Which instructions related to glucose monitoring should the nurse provide? (Select all that apply.)
The nurse is providing teaching to a patient with reactive hypoglycemia. Which instructions related to glucose monitoring should the nurse provide? (Select all that apply.)
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A patient is diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which manifestations should the nurse expect to observe in this patient? (Select all that apply.)
A patient is diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which manifestations should the nurse expect to observe in this patient? (Select all that apply.)
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A patient is upset to learn that a recent HbA1c level is 10.3 percent. Which average BG level does the nurse provide based upon this percentage if the equation 28.7 × HbA1c – 46.7 is used? (Round to the nearest whole number)
A patient is upset to learn that a recent HbA1c level is 10.3 percent. Which average BG level does the nurse provide based upon this percentage if the equation 28.7 × HbA1c – 46.7 is used? (Round to the nearest whole number)
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The nurse is providing teaching for a patient newly diagnosed with diabetes, what is the most important teaching about exercise?
The nurse is providing teaching for a patient newly diagnosed with diabetes, what is the most important teaching about exercise?
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A patient is admitted to the hospital with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS), what is the priority nursing intervention for this patient?
A patient is admitted to the hospital with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS), what is the priority nursing intervention for this patient?
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The nurse is providing care for a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), what is the primary goal of nursing care for this patient?
The nurse is providing care for a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), what is the primary goal of nursing care for this patient?
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The nurse is providing education to a patient with type 2 diabetes about foot care, what is the most important teaching to emphasize?
The nurse is providing education to a patient with type 2 diabetes about foot care, what is the most important teaching to emphasize?
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A patient is admitted to the hospital with diabetic foot ulcers, what is the main reason why these ulcers are a concern for the nurse?
A patient is admitted to the hospital with diabetic foot ulcers, what is the main reason why these ulcers are a concern for the nurse?
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The nurse is providing education to a patient with diabetes about the importance of regular blood sugar monitoring, which of the following tests provides the best picture of long-term blood sugar control?
The nurse is providing education to a patient with diabetes about the importance of regular blood sugar monitoring, which of the following tests provides the best picture of long-term blood sugar control?
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What is the primary cause of hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes?
What is the primary cause of hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes?
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Which symptom is NOT typically associated with hypoglycemia?
Which symptom is NOT typically associated with hypoglycemia?
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What is a primary treatment for hypoglycemia when a patient is not alert?
What is a primary treatment for hypoglycemia when a patient is not alert?
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In diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), what physiological process occurs due to insulin deficiency?
In diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), what physiological process occurs due to insulin deficiency?
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Which of the following would be a sign of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Which of the following would be a sign of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
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What is the recommended macronutrient distribution for a plate designed according to the ADA guidelines?
What is the recommended macronutrient distribution for a plate designed according to the ADA guidelines?
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How often should individuals with diabetes eat while awake to maintain stable blood glucose levels?
How often should individuals with diabetes eat while awake to maintain stable blood glucose levels?
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What is the recommended daily fiber intake for individuals with diabetes?
What is the recommended daily fiber intake for individuals with diabetes?
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Which component of diet is most influential in affecting blood glucose levels?
Which component of diet is most influential in affecting blood glucose levels?
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What effect does regular exercise have on blood glucose levels post-activity?
What effect does regular exercise have on blood glucose levels post-activity?
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What is the primary mechanism by which high sugar levels cause hypokalemia?
What is the primary mechanism by which high sugar levels cause hypokalemia?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) that distinguishes it from diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Which of the following is a characteristic of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) that distinguishes it from diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
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A patient with HHS is admitted to the hospital. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A patient with HHS is admitted to the hospital. What is the priority nursing intervention?
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What is the primary goal of treatment for a patient with DKA?
What is the primary goal of treatment for a patient with DKA?
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A patient with diabetes is at risk for foot complications. Which of the following is the most important teaching to emphasize?
A patient with diabetes is at risk for foot complications. Which of the following is the most important teaching to emphasize?
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What is the main reason why diabetic foot ulcers are a concern for the nurse?
What is the main reason why diabetic foot ulcers are a concern for the nurse?
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Which of the following tests provides the best picture of long-term blood sugar control?
Which of the following tests provides the best picture of long-term blood sugar control?
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Which of the following is a potential long-term microvascular complication of diabetes?
Which of the following is a potential long-term microvascular complication of diabetes?
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Which of the following is a risk factor for developing diabetic nephropathy?
Which of the following is a risk factor for developing diabetic nephropathy?
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What is the primary cause of diabetic neuropathy?
What is the primary cause of diabetic neuropathy?
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Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of reactive hypoglycemia?
Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of reactive hypoglycemia?
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What is the most important teaching to give a patient with reactive hypoglycemia related to glucose monitoring?
What is the most important teaching to give a patient with reactive hypoglycemia related to glucose monitoring?
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Which of the following is NOT a potential treatment or preventive measure for type 2 diabetes?
Which of the following is NOT a potential treatment or preventive measure for type 2 diabetes?
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What is the typical goal for preprandial blood glucose levels in a patient with diabetes?
What is the typical goal for preprandial blood glucose levels in a patient with diabetes?
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Which of the following is an accurate statement about the long-term complications of diabetes?
Which of the following is an accurate statement about the long-term complications of diabetes?
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Study Notes
Multiple Choice Questions
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Question 1: Glucose enters cells when glucose transporters are activated in the membrane. Diabetes is frequently caused by the pancreas' inability to release insulin. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are not reversible through diet, exercise, or weight loss.
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Question 2: The statement "I know that I am obese and can reduce my need for insulin with weight loss" indicates a need for more information. The patient needs to be taught that while weight loss can help manage type 1 diabetes, it won't eliminate the need for insulin.
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Question 3: A correct response from a nurse assisting with nutrition teaching would be: "Sugars and fats need to be avoided, but the dietitian will help you find acceptable alternatives."
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Question 4: Exercise needs to be coordinated with the time your insulin is peaking.
Additional Questions/Information
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Symptoms of Hypoglycemia: A patient taking four injections of regular insulin daily should be alert for symptoms of hypoglycemia 3 hours after each injection.
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Insulin vs. Oral Hypoglycemics: Oral hypoglycemic agents stimulate a partially working pancreas rather than acting as an insulin replacement.
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Type 1 vs. Type 2 DM and Insulin Use: Insulin is used to treat both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, but is crucial for type 1 diabetics because their pancreas is not producing the insulin required for the body.
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Priority Focus for Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemia: BG level and hydration status are the priority for planning nursing care.
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Older Adult Patient With Diabetes: Provide culturally sensitive dietary substitutes, options for private questions, and opportunities for patients to ask questions.
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Glucose Monitoring for Hypoglycemia: A patient with frequent hypoglycemia episodes should use continuous blood glucose monitoring (CGM).
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Causes of Hyperglycemia: Increased work load, intense exercise, and excessive food intake can cause hyperglycemia.
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Type 2 Diabetes, Exercise, and Insulin: The nurse should explain to the patient that a combination of diet, exercise, and oral hypoglycemics is typically used as a first-line treatment.
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Diabetic Complications: Most complications affect the large or small vessels of the body.
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Insulin Therapy and Surgery: When a patient with type 2 diabetes has surgery, the patient may need insulin therapy. Patients who receive insulin should be aware that surgery causes an increase in blood glucose levels.
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Diabetic Complications Prevention: Regular foot care, including washing, drying, and inspecting feet daily, is necessary to prevent serious foot complications. Prevent infection by vaccination including flu, pneumonia, and hepatitis.
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Preventing Diabetes Complications: Maintaining good blood glucose and blood pressure control can reduce the risk of vision complications. Prevention is always better than treatment.
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Diabetes and Surgery: In a patient with diabetes and surgery, good blood glucose control is important. Post-surgical management should revert to pre-surgical protocols as soon as the patient is ready.
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Patient Education for Diabetes: Education should be culturally sensitive, allow for private questions, and offer an opportunity for patients to seek clarification.
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Patient with Reactive Hypoglycemia: This patient requires specific instructions regarding glucose monitoring, frequency, and timing of checks (at bedtime, fasted, and after meals).
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Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) Symptoms: DKA includes dehydration, flu-like symptoms, abdominal pain, vomiting, and deep, sighing respirations called Kussmaul's respirations.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts of diabetes management, including the roles of insulin, diet, and exercise in managing type 1 and type 2 diabetes. It addresses common misconceptions about weight loss and insulin dependence, providing critical insights for healthcare providers. Test your knowledge on the key aspects of nutritional teaching and patient care in diabetes.
